ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan uji aktivitas tabir surya ekstrak dan fraksi daun pidada merah secara in vitro untuk mengetahui profil tabir surya ekstrak dan fraksi daun pidada merah. Profil tabir surya diketahui dengan metode analisis data berdasarkan hasil pengujian aktivitas tabir surya dengan menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Pengujian aktivitas tabir surya ekstrak daun pidada merah didasarkan pada kemampuan ekstrak daun pidada merah mengabsorbsi sinar ultraviolet selanjutnya dilakukan perhitungan persentase transmisi eritema dan pigmentasi. kemudian dikategorikan kedalam penilaian aktivitas tabir surya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan profil tabir surya ekstrak dan fraksi daun pidada merah memiliki aktivitas tabir surya sebagai fast tanning, suntan standar, proteksi ekstra, dan sunblock.Kata kunci: spektrofotometer UV-Vis, daun pidada merah, persentase transmisi eritema, persentase transmisi pigmentasi, profil tabir surya. ABSTRACTExtract and fractions of Sonneratia caseolaris L. Leaves has been the test of sunscreen activity in vitro to determine the sunscreen profile from extract and fractions of Sonneratia caseolaris L. leaves. Sunscreen profile was determine by data analysis method based on the result from testing the sunscreen activity by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The test of sunscreen activity of the extract of pidada merah leaves is based on the ability of the sample to absorb ultraviolet light. The absorbance then performed to the calculation of percentage of transmission erythema and pigmentation, and then categorized into the sunscreen activity assessment. The result showed that the sunscreen profile of extract and fractions of leaves of pidada merah has the activity as fast tanning, suntan standard, extra protection, and sunblock.Keywords: UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Sonneratia caseolaris leaves, percentage of erythema transmission, percentage of pigmentation transmission, sunscreen profile. PENDAHULUANSinar matahari, disatu pihak memiliki efek yang menguntungkan dan sangat diperlukan oleh mahluk hidup sebagai sumber energi, penyehat kulit dan tulang, misalnya dalam pembentukan vitamin D dan pro-vitamin yang mencegah penyakit polio atau riketsia,

Ikan merupakan bahan pangan yang sering dijadikan sumber protein hewani oleh manusia, ikan merupakan bahan pangan yang sangat mudah membusuk, agar tidak cepat busuk maka ikan bisa diawetkan dengan penggaraman dan penjemuran, tetapi banyak produsen bahkan penjual yang menambahkan formalin kedalam ikan asin agar lebih awet. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kandungan formalin pada ikan asin dan pegetahuan pedagangnya di pasar X dan Y Sukabumi serta korelasi keduanya. Analisis kandungan formalin menggunakan test kit, sedangkan analisis pengetahuan pedagang tentang formalin menggunakan data kuesioner. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji chi square dan fisher exact test untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan pedagang tentang formalin dengan penggunaan formalin. Hasilnya didapatkan bahwa 4 dari 30 sampel ikan asin mengandung formalin. Analisis pengetahuan tentang formalin didapatkan hasil bahwa 9 penjual memiliki pengetahuan tinggi dan 6 orang memiliki pengetahuan rendah tentang formalin. Hasil analisis chi square didapatkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara penggunaan formalin pada ikan asin dengan pengetahuan penjual tentang formalin dengan nilai signifikasi 0,634 (P>0,05) dan nilai fisher exact test sebesar 1 (>0,05)

Activeness and concept understanding during limited face-to-face learning needs to be studied. This study is reviewed from the activeness, concept understanding, and student learning outcome through the Think Pair Share learning model with several actions. Classroom action research with a qualitative approach was carried out on a public junior high school at Pasuruan, Indonesia with 16 grade 8 students as research subject. The instruments of this research were test, observation sheet, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out by describing the activeness, concept understanding, and student learning outcome. The results show that there was a significant increase in the activeness and concept understanding so that student learning outcome also increase by using Think Pair Share during limited face-to-face learning.

The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the implementation of the delegations of Mayor of Samarinda’s authorities to Head of Sambutan District. The results show that the delegations of Mayor of Samarinda’s authorities to Head of Sambutan District governed by Regulation No. 32 of 2011 was implemented, however applicative less effective. It can be known of the six indicators set, including 2 declared effective indicators and 4 indicators expressed quite effective.

This study started from the premise that students 'learning habits affect the students' motivation. It is strengthened by seeing, reading and watching the existing reality in these days that students always given extra lessons beyond the limit when it will face a final exam. The purpose of this study was to test the students' learning habits on motivation to learn. Good study habits influence on motivation to learn at SDN Cisarua 03. The method used in this study is a simple linear regression. The data obtained in this study originated from the observation, documentation and questionnaire. The population in this research is class 5 A and 5 B amounting to 73 peoples, then of the 73 sampled by the number of 62 peoples. Sampling techniques in this study using random sampling with using Yamane formula taro. Instrument in this study consisted of 40 items of 20 questions for the variable study habits of student and 20 questions for the variable of learning motivation. Results from this study indicate that students' learning habits have influence with an average value of 38.20% through the regression equation Ŷ = 20.46 + 0,67X the remaining 61.80% is determined by other factors not included in the discussion on research this.