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Municipal waste management has become a significant problem in many urban areas where solutions are complex and conflicting to form. One of the most important actors that can control waste management in a country is the government. Then the most important tool for setting standards in maintaining waste management is the public policy. Therefore, this paper will review and evaluate public policies that regulate solid waste management in China, Japan, and Malaysia, using secondary data. The three countries were chosen because their cases represented various significant and different factors that have often been an obstacle to waste management. The three case studies discuss community behavior analysis, policy mistranslation, and the lack of waste management infrastructure. The main obstacles of the waste management policy are to control people’s behavior, lack of garbage infrastructure, waste pickers are not organized, and lack of progress in waste management and recycling technology. The waste management policy needs to focus on increasing residents’ awareness to recycle and expand the producer’s responsibility to increase community engagement and boost successful waste management in a region or country.

Ease of access for people to be involved in urban environmental preservation is an important factor in overcoming the current problem of global warming and environmental degradation. The gender responsive with social protections program became of efforts to support women to be involved in environmental preservation and climate change adaptation. Efforts to strengthen the community, including vulnerable groups, must be made to maintain urban resilience. The aim of this study to describe the importance of strengthening the involvement of women in environmental preservation activities through social protection programs. This study was conducted with a qualitative approach using literature reviews, with combined type of the descriptive and integrative literature reviews. The results of the study indicate that the social protection program is complementary in environmental preservation activities. In addition, social protection programs are aimed at strengthening women as a vulnerable group so that they can adapt to global warming and improve community welfare through environmental preservation activities. Efforts to strengthen women in preservation activities are related to ecosystem-based management approaches, which also emphasize aspects of stakeholder support in environmental protection activities. This study has a contribution as an alternative capacity building in environmental protection policies with gender responsive approach.