ABSTRAKLatar Belakang : Mencuci tangan adalah salah satu tindakan sanitasi dengan membersikan jari-jemari menggunakan air atau pun cairan lainnya oleh manusia dengan tujuan untuk menjadi bersih, sebagai ritual keagamaan, ataupun tujuan-tujuan lainnya. Antiseptik merupakan bahan kimia untuk mencegah multiplikasi mikroorganisme pada permukaan tubuh, dengan cara membunuh mikroorganisme tersebut atau menghambat pertumbuhan dan aktivitas metaboliknya. Hand sanitizer antiseptik yang sering digunakan adalah alkohol. Alkohol telah digunakan secara luas sebagai obat antiseptik kulit karena mempunyai efek menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas mencuci tangan menggunakan cairan pembersih tangan antiseptik (hand sanitizer) terhadap jumlah angka kuman. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian true experiment dengan rancangan penelitian posttest only control group design. Subjek penelitian adalah telapak tangan probandus dengan enam kali ulangan. Hasil : Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa sig. 0,010, artinya ada perbedaan jumlah angka kuman antara mencuci tangan menggunakan air mengalir, sabun, hand sanitizer A, hand sanitizer B, dan kelompok kontrol (tanpa cuci tangan). Kelompok yang mempunyai perbedaan jumlah angka kuman adalah kelompok kontrol dan kelompok mencuci tangan menggunakan sabun dengan nilai sig. 0,008, kelompok kontrol dan kelompok mencuci tangan menggunakan hand sanitizer A dengan nilai sig. 0,016, dan kelompok kontrol dan kelompok mencuci tangan menggunakan hand sinitizer B dengan nilai sig. 0,005. Kesimpulan : Ada perbedaan jumlah angka kuman antara mencuci tangan menggunakan air mengalir, sabun, hand sanitizer A, hand sanitizer B, dan kelompok kontrol (tanpa cuci tangan). Cairan pembersih tangan antiseptik (hand sanitizer) efektif terhadap penurunan jumlah angka kuman dan secara deskriptif yang paling efektif adalah hand sanitizer B (alkohol 60%).

Background: Economic crisis had happened since 1997 till now still not be overcome yet carefully. This had caused more number of poor families and declined purchasing power of food. Furthermore, the availability of foods in family becomes limited in the end generates the potency of less consumption of nutrient to malnutrition. Malnutrition is primary factor causing baby and child under fifth age mortality. Malnutrition normally caused by two primary factors namely by disease infection and the lack of nutrient as a result by lack of the availability of food in household level or wrong taking care manner. The giving of not accurately food can caused malnutrition and excessive nutrient can caused obesity. At the age of 6 month, physiologically, baby has ready to receive additional food, because at that age the mother's milk shall no longer fulfill for the baby to grow, so that feeding the complementary food of mother's milk is hardly required. So that complementary food for mother's milk hardly required. Purpose of this research was to understand the relationship between feeding pattern of complementary food and nutrition status of child under fifth age at range of 6-24 months in Puskesmas Gedongtengen Yogyakarta region. Method: This was an observational research using cross-sectoanal approach. The variables that involved in this research are the pattern of complementary feeding for mother's milk as an independent variable and nutrition status of child under fifth age between 6-24 months as a dependent variables. This research executed in March until April 2009 with sample amount 74 child under fifth age. Retrieval of data applies semi qualitative food frequency questionary (SQFFQ). Result of this research analyzed by chi square test. Result: Result of this research indicates that giving pattern of complementary feeding for mother's milk seen from consumption level of energy included in good category (91,89%), and nutrition status in normal category is 57 child under fifth age (77,03%), while 16 of child under fifth age samples is in abnormal category (22,97%). The analysis result of complementary feeding pattern for mother's milk and nutrition status of child under fifth age , 6-24 months shows the Chi-Square value 4,103 with a significant level of 0.043 (p <0.05). Conclusion: There was a meaningful relationship between the pattern of complementary feeding for mother's milk and nutrition status of child under fifth age 6-24 months in Puskesmas Gedongtengen Yogyakarta region.

Menstruasi merupakan indikator kematangan seksual pada remaja putri. Menstruasi dihubungkan dengan beberapa kesalahpahaman praktek kebersihan diri selama menstruasi yang dapat merugikan kesehatan bagi remaja. Kesadaran tentang perlunya informasi tentang praktik menstruasi yang sehat sangat penting. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara sumber informasi dan pengetahuan tentang menstrual hygiene pada remaja putri. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional yang dilakukan tahun 2014. Penelitian dilakukan di SMP Muhammadiyah 9 Kota Yogyakarta. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswi kelas VIII SMP Muhammadiyah 9 Kota Yogyakarta. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah total sampling yaitu 79 orang. Analisis data meliputi univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 93,7% tidak mengetahui penyebab terjadinya menstruasi, 51,9 % mengatakan bahwa darah menstruasi berasal dari perut, 48,1% mengatakan bahwa lama menstruasi sekitar 3-7 hari, 58,2% tidak mengetahui siklus normal menstruasi. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara sumber informasi dengan pengetahuan dengan nilai p<0,05. Simpulan penelitian, ada hubungan antara sumber informasi dengan pengetahuan tentang menstrual hygiene pada remaja.

<span>Lacking knowledge among adolescents affects their understanding of some problems related to sexual-reproduction health. Electronic media recognized as the favored source of information for adolescents. This research aimed to assess the effect of audio-visual media to the increasing of sexual-reproduction knowledge. We conducted a before and after without control informal experimental study design into 153 students in the 1st-3rd grade of junior high school. The effect of the intervention was assessed through the difference between pre- and post-intervention by using the Wilcoxon test. The mean score of the respondent pre and post-intervention was significantly increasing. The audiovisual increased the knowledge of the adolescent regarding sexual-reproduction health</span>

Indonesia is a country that aggressively promotes public health, the government has launched a program of washing hands with soap that is useful to improve hygiene so as to avoid disease. The purpose of this study is to find out how effective hand washing with soap / hand hygiene is in preventing infection. This research was conducted on 3 to 10 July 2020 using the literature review method. The study was conducted on an article on http://garuda.ristekdikti.go.id published between 2015 and 2020. The results showed that washing hands with soap / hand hygiene in preventing infections was very effective, it was proven that washing hands with soap can reduce the risk of infection. Washing hands with soap is a pillar of community-based total sanitation, which includes six steps of hand washing. The use of hand sanitizers and soaps can reduce the number of bacterial colonies on the hands, and sanitizers that contain 70% alcohol are very effective in reducing the number of germs. Keywords: CTPS, hand washing, hand hygiene, prevention of infection.