Promoting green energy initiatives are vital in educational institutes to encounter the energy demand and providing a sustainable life. In the most part, solar and wind energy options are chosen as renewable energy projects to meet part of electricity demand. However, because of the intermittent nature of these sources, alternative technologies should be chosen to provide effective and sustainable solutions. Various energy resources need to be combined in order to provide effective and efficient power generation. The present paper therefore focuses on the feasibility study of integrated energy systems for the energy supply of the educational institution. The work examines the techno-economic performance of various grid-connected and stand-alone integrated energy systems for an educational institute for making a decision before implementing green energy technologies. First, the energy demand is estimated for the entire campus. Further, the potential of renewable energy resources is assessed using NASA and NREL. A detailed survey was carried out to select the components required to model the various integrated energy systems. The modelling, optimization and economic study are performed using HOMER Pro software. A comparative economic analysis is made among considered integrated systems using Net Present Cost (NPC), COE and pay-back period. The study divulges that the grid-connected hybrid system is the optimal one for meeting the power demand of the institute in a reliable manner.
In this work, composite adsorbent materials are prepared using metal halide salts and expanded natural graphite (ENG). Ammonia adsorption and desorption pressure concentration isotherms of composite adsorbents are experimentally measured. The van't Hoff plots are constructed to calculate the enthalpy of a reaction during adsorption and desorption. The average value of adsorption enthalpies (∆Had) for MnCl2 + ENG and CaCl2 + ENG are 55.821 and 33.434 kJ mol−1, respectively, and average values of desorption enthalpies (∆Hdes) are 73.817 and 73.016 kJ mol−1, respectively. Comparison of ammonia sorption properties of composites and their corresponding plain salts is done. Thermodynamic analysis of adsorption thermal energy storage (ATES) system) showed that maximum gravimetric energy storage density for MnCl2 + ENG based system is 1394.83 kJ kg−1 (158.85 kWh m−3) at energy storage and ambient temperatures of 172°C and 35°C, respectively. The same for CaCl2 + ENG based system is 1350.86 kJ kg−1 (165.85 kWh m−3) at storage and ambient temperatures of 92°C and 35°C, respectively. Volumetric energy storage density is higher for CaCl2 + ENG based ATES system since it has higher density. Thermodynamic performance of composite‐based systems is compared with plain salts (MnCl2‐CaCl2) based thermal energy storage system.
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