The urban population of Pakistan has grown almost fourfold, over the last two decades. It is estimated that it will increase by 55.5 million by the year 2000 [Blacker (n.d.)]. The increases in urban population is attributed to either continued rural to urban migration or natural increase. As a consequence of the above increase in population the urban living conditions are under great pressure. I~ is therefore important to analyse the dimensions of urban growth and examine its social and economic implications. The objectives of the present study are: 1. To analyse the trends and variations in urban growth; 2. To decompose the components of urban growth and analyse which component has contributed more to urban growth; and 3. To analyse some of the implications of urban growth.

In a pre-transition situation both fertility and mortality are high. However, in the process of demographic transition, fertility decline follows mortality decline and when the demographic transition is complete both these variables vary closely at a low level. In other words, both these variables behave in a way which are oomplimentaJy to each other and hence it may be hypothesised that the factors which explain variation in fertility should explain variation in mortality or vice versa. Nevertheless, the strength and sometimes even direction of these determinants may vary from time to time and from place to place. Presently, Pakistan is in the process of demographic transition. By using the 1990-91 Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey data, here in this exercise, an attempt is made to identify and investigate' the similarities and the differences if any, in the determinants of both fertility and mortality.