Cadmium (Cd) is highly toxic heavy metal which may cause severe biological effects in vivo and in vitro. In this study, an evaluation of the acute Cd ability to trigger micronuclei (MNi) formation was carried out on 3-monthold male and female Albino Oxford (AO) rats using micronucleus (MN) test. Experimental animals were treated intraperitoneally with three different concentrations of cadmium chloride (CdCl2): 0.5, 1, and 2 mg CdCl2 per kg of body weight. Control animals received equal volume of sterile phosphate buffered saline. The results showed that 2 mg CdCl2 per kg b.w. concentration caused a highly statistically significant (P < 0.001) increase in MNi formation in the bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs), exerting a clear-cut concentration-dependent effect. Lower concentrations of CdCl2 used (0.5 and 1 mg/kg b.w.) also caused MNi formation, but with lower statistical significance. Sex differences in MNi production in bone marrow PCEs after acute exposure to different experimental concentrations of CdCl2 were not observed in our study. Our results indicate the ability of CdCl2 to exerts genotoxic effects in bone marrow of AO rats, and complement previous data on the genotoxicity of this important environmental contaminant, burdening the body from different sources - major being industrial exposure, food and cigarette smoking. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. III46002]

Heavy metal cadmium (Cd), a well-known environmental hazard, exerts a number of toxic and genotoxic effects. Experimental animals, Albino Oxford (AO) and Dark August (DA) rat strains, were treated intraperitoneally with three different concentrations of cadmium chloride (CdCl2): 0.5, 1, and 2 mg CdCl2 per kg of body weight, while the control animals received equal volume of sterile phosphate buffered saline. In this investigation individuals of both sexes aged 3, 6 and 12 month were used. Frequency of micronuclei formation was evaluated in polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs), 24h hours after treatment. The results showed that that cadmium-cloride (CdCl2) exibits the genotoxic effects causing an increase of the frequency of micronuclei depending on concentration, sex, age and strain.

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic industrial and metal in the environment which may cause severe genotoxic effects. The aim of the work was an evaluation of genotoxic effects of CdCl2 in genetically pure Albino Oxford (AO) rats, depending on sex, age and dosage. Experimental animals were treated intraperitoneally with three different concentrations of CdCl2: 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg of CdCl2, while the control animals received equal volume of sterile phosphate buffered saline. The individuals of both sexes were treated at the age of 3, 6 and 12 month. Frequency of micronuclei formation was evaluated in polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs), 24h hours after the treatment. The results showed that CdCl2 caused a concentration-dependent increase of micronucleus frequency. The most significant differences were found between ages of 3/12 and 6/12 months at 0.5 and 1.0 mg CdCl2 concentrations. Namely, 3 month old males had higher frequency of MNi in comparison to 12 month old males, whereas in females it was the opposite. Likewise, 6 months old males exbibited greater sensistivity to CdCl2 in comparison to 12 month old rats, and in the females it was the opposite. Sex differences were further confirmed as slightly stronger genotoxic effects in 12 months old females treated with 0.5 and 1 mg/kg of CdCl2. Therefore, the genotoxic effects of cadmium in AO rats depend on concentration, age and sex. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. III46002 i br. OI173012]