Introduction:The present study was undertaken with the objective of ascertaining whether latent lip prints generated by persistent lipsticks and developed using lysochrome dyes have the potential of use in sex determination and personal identification.Materials and Methods:This study included a total of 100 subjects (50 males and 50 females) whose latent lip prints were obtained by applying the persistent lipstick Revlon ColorStay Overtime® manufactured by Revlon® consumer products corporation, NewYork, USA, and lifting the prints with cellophane sheets. The prints were then developed using lysochrome dyes, and all the samples were blinded and then graded based on defined patterns from the Suzuki and Tsuchihashi classification.Results:No two lip prints were found to be alike. Type I was found to be the most prevalent type. In the female population, Type I (61%) was most prevalent, followed by Type I’ (28%), Type II (9%), Type III (2%), Type IV (1%), and Type V (1%); in the male population, Type I (33%) was most prevalent, followed by Type II (23%), Type III (18%), Type IV (14%), Type I’ (10%), and Type V (3%). Two examiners were able to determine the correct sexes from the given sample sizes. Their interobserver agreement was assessed using the kappa coefficient for males (κ =0.870) and females (κ = 0.870). Their accuracy was assessed with a confidence interval (CI) of 91.48-99.38.Conclusion:Lysochrome dyes are very efficacious in developing latent lip prints. This preliminary study has conclusively proved that latent lip prints developed with lysochrome dyes hold the potential for use in sex determination and can be maintained in a digital database.

Solitary neurofibromas are rare, benign tumours of nonodontogenic origin. The presentation of a solitary neurofibroma on the tongue is an uncommon occurrence and we present such a case here which was discovered in concomitance with multiple neurofibromatosis type 1 (von Recklinghausen's disease). Such a rare presentation seen in this case is a diagnostic challenge and often clinched only with the aid of histopathological and immunohistochemical examination. This work also discusses the various differential diagnoses that can be considered in similar cases. The presence of a hypertrichotic “giant” nevus spilus tardivus (Becker's nevus) is also a rare finding in this particular case. We present such a case which will be of interest to the budding dental practitioner. The lesion was excised and the patient followed up without any evidence of malignant transformation.

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Background: In the early 2020, COVID was declared as a pandemic and then on all the educational institutions were forced to close down for regular classes. Almost all the previous studies were done comparing different groups of students or different academic year. However, our study was done on the same set of students and in the same academic year itself with the same teaching faculty, where students underwent 8 months of online classes followed by 2 months of classroom teaching. Aims and Objectives: This study was done to know the effectiveness of e-classes in comparison to conventional classroom teaching among professional students in north Kerala in terms of gaining knowledge, balance between the practical and theoretical experiences, and availability of e-resources. Materials and Methods: One thousand medical college students from three different medical colleges in north Kerala voluntarily participated in the study which was on an online questionnaire-based survey. The questionnaire was self-made and based on Likert five point scale. Results: The study included both boys and girls. In most of the fields such as effective communication, interaction, effective teaching methodology, and understanding the topic and providing feedback, students found classroom learning much better than online learning only advantage of online learning that they found was the convenience as it could be taken from home without having to travel and without facing the hostel-related adjustment issues. Conclusion: To make online methods more acceptable, we will have to bring in various changes and modifications in our way of teaching. More animations and smaller groups may be needed. Individual attention will be possible with smaller groups per class and feedbacks can be taken with ease. With these changes in teaching methods, online mode can be made more effective in reaching to students and making it acceptable by them.