All babies, including the ones admitted to NICU, should receive their mother’s milk for their reduced morbidity and mortality in short-term and optimal growth and cognitive development in the long run. NICU babies are at the highest risk of lactational failure and formula feeding due to a variety of reasons. Various barriers for exclusive breastfeeding, the quality indicators of optimal lactational supply, and interventions to improve own mother’s milk supply for NICU babies is discussed in this article.

Background: Immediate postpartum period is the most appropriate time for introducing contraception as women are more pliable and highly motivated to adopt family planning methods. We assessed the safety and efficacy of post placental IUCD insertion (Cu- T 380A) immediately after delivery of placenta in women undergoing expected vaginal delivery or caesarean section and its compliance.Material and method: This prospective observational study was conducted for a period of (exact period of study) at a tertiary care institute in North India. Patients delivering at our hospital were recruited in the study as per inclusion and exclusion criteria after taking informed consent.Results: A total of 300 women were counselled over one year. Of these, 60% of women accepted PPIUCD. The majority of the PPIUCD acceptors were primigravida (61.7%), educated (86.1%), belonging to urban areas (61.7%), between 25 to 30 years (40.6%). The Follow-up rate was 93%, 90% and 81% at six weeks, three months, and six months, while the continuation rate at six months was 80%. The most common complication during follow-up were abnormal uterine bleeding, infection and missing threads. There was no case of perforation or failure of PPIUCD. The expulsion rate was 5%, and 14% of women had removal of PPIUCD.Conclusion: PPIUCD is a safe, highly effective, low cost, long-acting and feasible method of contraception. Skill enhancement of healthcare personnel for insertion techniques, adequate antenatal counselling, and advocacy of PPIUCD can help increase the acceptability of PPIUCD.