Cancer is the primary cause of death worldwide, accounting for almost 10
million deaths. The most prevalent are lung, breast, colorectal, and
skin cancer. Cancer does not obey the cell cycle which can lead to the
formation of tumors. The biogenic amine histamine is synthesized by
histidine. Increased amounts of histamine have been linked to the
regulation of several tumors. The histamine receptors (H1, H2, H3, and
H4) are distributed throughout the skin, where H1 and H2 are the primary
targets for drug therapy. Repurposing of the current antihistamine drugs
can be cost-effective, safe medications and allied with lesser adverse
effects. Researchers examined Six H1-antihistamines (Cetirizine,
clemastine, desloratadine, loratadine, ebastine, and fexofenadine) in a
nationwide wide cohort study of all Swedish patients with ten types of
immunogenic (melanoma, bladder cancer, kidney, prostate, lung,
pancreatic, colorectal, breast cancer, and Hodgkin lymphoma) and six
non-immunogenic (thyroid cancer, liver, ovarian, brain cancer and
lymphoma) tumors. The study shows that Desloratadine and loratadine
upsurge the survival rate for many tumors by inhibiting the growth of
tumors and promoting apoptotic cell death. The other H1 receptor
antagonist Cloperastine knockdown FGF13 expression which is responsible
for anticancer agent cisplatin-resistance and selectively kills HeLa
cisR cells. Some findings believe H1 receptor antagonists should be
investigated in randomized clinical trials for immunogenic tumors. These
drugs can be a curative therapy for several tumors including that
prognosis with limited treatment options.
