The flavonoids derived from Eugenia polyantha leaves were characterized by rapid and low cost approach. The aim of this research is to characterize secondary metabolite profile of flavonoids in the n-butanol fraction of E. polyantha using thin layer chromatography and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry. The n-butanol fraction was separated by using silica gel 60 GF 254 as the stationary phase; chloroform: ethanol: glacial acetic acid (9.4: 0.5: 0.1) as the mobile phase; and visualized by using UV light 366 nm. Five isolates were obtained from the separation, but there were only three isolates (R f 0.26; 0.44; 0.77) respectively identified as flavonoid compounds. The characterization of the isolates by UV-Vis spectrophotometry showing that the ranges of λ max were 250-280 nm (band II) and 310-360 nm (band I), which indicate the existence of flavone compounds. Further characterization of the three isolate using the AlCl 3 5%/HCl 6 M solution showed that the λ max shifted from band I to the higher wavelength (bathochromic). The λ max shift indicated the existences of ketone at C-4, hydroxyl group at C-5, and orthodihydroxyl at ring B. According to the maximum wavelength, the result of the characterization showed that the flavonoid compounds of the n-butanol were 5,3',4'-trihydroxyflavone-3-C-glycoside or 5,4',5'-trihydroxyflavone-3-C-glycoside; 5,6,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone or 5,6,4',5'-tetrahydroxyflavone; and 5,3',4'-trihydroxyflavone or 5,4',5'-trihydroxyflavone.
This paper describes problems pertaining teachers assigned in the rural areas in the whole Indonesia are inconvenient to work and leave the sites. This paper argues that salient problems exist in terms of triviality field condition, performance motivation, incentive, and lax of implementation management. Evidently, policy made by the decision makers in upper to the lower level of policy makers contributes ineffective supports of teachers’ needs and necessities in the sites. The effectiveness of Law on Teacher and Lecturer is problematic stipulated for the teachers problems in rural and remote areas.
This article is a research report on the implementation of School Based Management (SBM) by a principal of SMK Pemuda Blitar. As an action research, this study observed the implementation of SBM inductively. The study revealed that evidences that support effectiveness of ruling staff and administration is strongly identified. Participations and self-reliance decision making proceess, individual invlolvement and group dynamics are productively desmonstrated.Key-words: action research, school based management.PADA era reformasi ini, belum semua Kepala Sekolah (KS) memahami tentang kompetensi yang harus dimiliki dalam mengelola sekolah, terutama kompetensi dalam mengelola sekolah berdasarkan Manajemen Peningkatan Mutu Berbasis Sekolah (MPMBS). Hal ini terbukti banyaknya sorotan dari kalangan masyarakat terhadap kinerja KS yang kurang berhasil dalam mengelola sekolahnya selalu dijadikan perhatian yang negatif baik di kalangan para pendidik, siswa, maupun masyarakat luas (para pelanggan).Pertanyaannya "Kompetensi apakah yang harus dimiliki oleh KS agar dapat mengelola sekolah dengan baik sehingga dapat memberikan kepuasan kepada siswa, guru dan masyarakat (para pelanggan)?". Burton (1975) mempersyaratkan empat kompetensi dasar yang perlu dikuasai oleh KS, yaitu: (1) memahami kurikulum sekolah, (2) membantu kegiatan belajar mengajar yang ada di kelas, dan (3) mengadakan hubungan dengan masyarakat disekitarnya dengan kata lain menerima pertanggung jawaban produk kerja.Menurut Lipham (1974) KS harus memahami, menghayati dan melaksanakan dimensi-dimensi tugas (apa), proses (bagaimana), lingkungan dan keterampilan personal, yang dapat diuraikan sebagai berikut (a) dimensi tugas terdiri dari pengembangan kurikulum, memajukan personal, manajemen kesiswaan, fasilitas, keuangan, hubungan sekolah dengan masyarakat, (b) dimensi proses meliputi pengambilan keputusan, pengelolaan kelembagaan, pengendalian program, pengkoordinasian, pemotivasian, pemantauan dan pengawasan, evaluasi serta pengelolaan proses belajar mengajar, (c) dimensi lingkungan meliputi pengelolaan waktu, tempat, sumber daya dan kelompok kepentingan/stakeholder dan (d) dimensi keterampilan personal meliputi organisasi diri, hubungan antar manusia, pembawaan diri, pemecahan masalah, gaya bicara dan gaya menulis.
Tujuan dilakukannya pengabdian kepada masyarakat melalui sosialisasi upaya penanggulangan paham radikalisme pada santri di Blitar adalah untuk memberikan pengetahuan tentang proses pencegahan radikalisme di kalangan santri. Ruang lingkup kegiatan pengabdian meliputi pemberian sosialisasi tentang paham radikalisme dan terorisme yang mengancam NKRI utamanya para santri. Kegiatan ini merupakan upaya preventif untuk membentengi para mahasiswa yang menjadi santri di Pondok Pesantren Tarbiyatus Sholihin Kuningan Kanigoro Blitar. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat beberapa hal yang perlu disadari mengenai peyebaran radikalisme yaitu para pegiat dan pendukung gerakan radikalisme selalu berupaya memperbaharui modus penyebarannya. Secara keseluruhan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat melalui sosialisasi upaya penanggulangan penyebaran paham radikalisme pada santri di Pondok Pesantren Tarbiyatus Sholihin berjalan dengan lancar.
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