Background: Disasters have a potential of producing mass casualties thereby straining the health care systems. This means that hospitals need to be prepared for an unusual increase in workload, hence the importance of hospital disaster preparedness. Aim: The aim of the study to evaluate the effect of a guidance booklet on knowledge and attitude about disaster preparedness among nurses. Methods: Research design: A quasi experimental research design with pre-test post-test time series and follow up assessment. Setting: the study was conducted at University Hospital, in Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. Subjects: The convenience sample, it include all nursing managers (nursing directors and nursing supervisors n = 12), all head nurses (n = 48) and staff nurses (n = 280), available at the time of the study. They have all fulfilled the eligibility criterion of a working experience of not less than one year of the study settings. Tools of data collection: Two tools were used for data collection. Tool one: consists of three parts; part (a) to collect socio-demographics data and part (b) aimed to collect nurses' knowledge about general disaster, classification and disaster preparedness and part (c) aimed to assess the nurses' awareness by hospital disasters on external or internal level. Tool two: Attitudes of nurses towards disaster management plan. Results: The results of this study showed that, majority of nurses scored weak estimation in knowledge, awareness and attitudes level at pre-test measurement. Conversely, lowest percentages had moderate level, and good level of knowledge related to general disaster, while only 12.6% of nurses were satisfactory awareness about hospital disaster preparedness and 37.5% had positive attitude towards disaster management. There was statistically-significant (p < .001). Conclusions: It was concluded that, guidance booklet was successful in achieving significant improvement in nurses' knowledge regarding disaster preparedness which was reflected in improvement and changing their attitude towards disaster. Recommendation: Continued nursing education should be open to all hospital staff according to their needs to increase their awareness about disaster preparedness.

Background: Therapeutic communication is the basis of interactive relationships among health team and their patients: that affords opportunities to establish rapport, understand the client's experience, formulate individualized or client interventions and optimize health care resources. Aim: this study was carried out to assess the effect of a planned therapeutic communication program on therapeutic communication skills of pediatric nurses. Methods: Setting: the study was carried out at Shebin El kom and Benha University hospitals. Research design: a quasi experimental research design was utilized. Sample: all staff nurses (132) who are working at the previously mentioned settings were included. Tools: Two tools were used for data collection. Tool one: a therapeutic communication questionnaire: consisting of two parts: (a) Socio-demographic structured questionnaire to obtain demographic data of the studied sample and (b) a structured therapeutic communication knowledge questionnaire to assess nurses' knowledge pre and post therapeutic communication program. Tool two is a five points Likert-scale structured check list used to assess the degree of improvement in pediatric nurses' skills and practice of therapeutic communication. Results: The results of this study showed a positive statistical significant correlation between total knowledge score and total practice score of nurses' therapeutic communication skills at each measurement time (pre: r = 0.52, p < .00; post r = 0.53, p < .001). Also, a highly statistical significant improvement in pediatric nurses' knowledge, practice and skills regarding therapeutic communication was found p < .001. Conclusions: It was concluded that pediatric nurses had significant improvement in their knowledge and skills regarding therapeutic communication with their hospitalized child patients after utilization of a planned therapeutic communication program. Recommendation: Continuously implement advanced therapeutic communication programs for pediatric nurses to enhance safe and healthy interactions, foster trust and improve recovery of their hospitalized children.

Background: Nursing is stressful profession and represents a contrast, dynamic exchange of energy between nurses and their environment. Nurses as the human being uses innate processes to maintain and restore homeostasis under stressful conditions. Stress reduction techniques were not aware to them. Laughter therapy used to reduce burnout syndromes, stress, anxiety, and depression and enhance the psychological wellbeing. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of laughter therapy on burnout syndromes among nurses in psychiatric hospitals. Subjects and Setting: This study was conducted at Psychiatric Mental Health and Addiction Treatment Hospital at Menofia Governorate, Egypt. Purposive sample consisted of 64 nurses selected which include 42 female and 22 male present during period of data collection, divided into two groups; experimental and control group (21 female, 11 male for each group). Research design: A quasi experimental (two groups pre/ post test) research design was used to achieve the purpose of the study. Tools: Structured interview questionnaire and Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (M BI-HSS) were used for data collection. Results: revealed that there was a highly significant reduction in the mean score of burnout among experimental group compared to control group after the laughter therapy and there was statistical significant differences between the experimental and control groups regarding the level of burnout after therapy in relation to all Socio-demographic characteristics except with age group. Conclusion: it can be concluded that: laughter therapy had great positive effect on burnout syndromes among psychiatric nurses. Recommendations: the findings should be disseminated to the authorities in the study setting and introduced as a component of laughter therapy exercise.

A new series of 1,3,5‐triarylpyrazolines, obtained from 3, 4‐dichloroacetophenone, were readily dehydrogenated by tetrachloro‐o‐benzoquinone at room temperature to the pyrazoles. The spectra and fluorescence of the compounds are discussed. The pyrazolines and pyrazoles did not significantly affect the mycelial growth of 19 fungal isolates, but at low concentrations, they inhibited aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus.

Nursing productivity refers to effectiveness of nursing care which relates to this quality and appropriateness and efficiency of care. The purpose of this study was to investigate work design and its relation to productivity among staff nurses.. Design; a descriptive co-relational research design. A convenient sample of 400 staff nurses was selected to carry out this study. Setting; this study was conducted at Menoufia University Hospital at Shebin El-Kom , Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. Two instruments were used to conduct the study for work design questionnaire and productivity questionnaire. Results: there was a positive statistically significant correlation between studied staff nurses' work design and productivity. The majority of studied staff nurses had moderate levels of work design characters; the first ranking with the highest mean score was social characteristics while the last ranking was task character. Moreover, more than two third of studied staff nurses had low levels of productivity, nearly one fifth of them had moderate level of productivity. Otherwise, the minority of them had high levels productivity. Additionally, the first ranking of productivity was work organization and the last ranking with the lowest mean score of productivity was working conditions. Conclusion: there was positive highly statistically significant correlation between work design and staff nurses' productivity. Recommendation; continuing education programs and training courses for nurse manager and their staff about work design character and productivity.