In our study population of patients with UTUC who had undergone RNU the preoperative NLR was associated with a significantly increased risk of IVR, suggesting that the NRL could be a useful biomarker for predicting IVR.

Background When determining treatment strategies for male infertility, it is important to evaluate spermatogenesis and its spatial distribution in the testes. Purpose To investigate the usefulness of creatine chemical exchange saturation transfer (CrCEST) imaging for evaluating spermatogenesis and its spatial distribution. Study Type Prospective. Animal Model C57BL/6 control mice (n = 5) and model mice of male infertility induced by whole testis X‐ray irradiation (n = 11) or localized X‐ray irradiation to lower regions of testes (n = 3). Field Strength/Sequence A 11.7‐T vertical‐bore magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/segmented fast low‐angle shot acquisition for CEST. Assessment The magnetization transfer ratio for the CrCEST effect (MTRCr*) was calculated in each testis of the control mice and X‐ray irradiation model mice at 10, 15, 20, and 30 days after irradiation. Correlation analysis was performed between MTRCr* and Johnsen's score, a histological score for spermatogenesis. In the localized X‐ray irradiation model, regional MTRCr* and Johnsen's score were calculated for correlation analysis. Statistical Tests Unpaired t‐test, one‐way analysis of variance with Tukey's HSD test and Pearson's correlation analysis. A P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results In the irradiation model, CrCEST imaging revealed a significant linear decrease of MTRCr* after irradiation (control, 8.7 ± 0.6; 10 days, 7.9 ± 0.8; 15 days, 6.5 ± 0.6; 20 days, 5.4 ± 1.0; 30 days, 4.4 ± 0.8). A significant linear correlation was found between MTRCr* and Johnsen's score (Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) = 0.79). In the localized irradiation model, CrCEST imaging visualized a significant regional decrease of MTRCr* in the unshielded region (shielded, 6.9 ± 0.7; unshielded, 4.9 ± 1.0), and a significant linear correlation was found between regional MTRCr* and Johnsen's score (r = 0.78). Data Conclusion Testicular CrCEST effects correlated well with spermatogenesis. CrCEST imaging was useful for evaluating spermatogenesis and its spatial distribution. Evidence Level 2 Technical Efficacy Stage 2.

To determine the pathophysiology of nocturnal polyuria associated with renal dysfunction, patients who underwent laparoscopic nephrectomy were prospectively studied. The diurnal variation in urine volume, osmolality, and salt excretion were measured on preoperative day 2 and postoperative day 7. The factors associated with an increase in the nighttime urine volume rate with decreased renal function were evaluated using multiple linear regression analysis. Forty-nine patients were included. The estimated glomerular filtration rate decreased from 73.3 ± 2.0 to 47.2 ± 1.6 mL/min/1.73 m2 (P < 0.01) and the nighttime urine volume rate increased from 40.6% ± 2.0% to 45.3% ± 1.5% (P = 0.04) with nephrectomy. The nighttime urine osmolality decreased from 273 ± 15 to 212 ± 10 mOsm/kg and the nighttime salt excretion rate increased from 38.7% ± 2.1% to 48.8% ± 1.7% (both P < 0.01) with nephrectomy. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the increase in the nighttime urine volume rate was strongly affected by the increase in the nighttime salt excretion rate. A decrease in renal function causes an increase in the nighttime urine volume rate, mainly because of an increase in nighttime salt excretion.Trial registration number: UMIN000036760 (University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry).Date of registration: From 1 June 2019 to 31 October 2020.

Outer membrane proteins (OMP) of Porphyromonas endodontalis HG 370 (ATCC 35406) were prepared from the cell envelope fraction of the organisms. The cell envelope that had been obtained by sonication of the whole cells was extracted in 2% lithium dodecyl sulfate and then successively chromatographed with Sephacryl S-200 HR and DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow. Two OMP fractions, OMP-I and OMP-II, were obtained, and their immunochemical properties and induction of specific antibodies were examined. The OMP-I preparation consisted of a major protein with an apparent molecular mass of 31 kDa and other moderate to minor proteins of 40.3, 51.4, 67, and 71.6 kDa, while the OMP-II preparation contained 14-, 15.5-, 27-, and 44-kDa proteins as revealed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis. OMP-I was found to form 4528 on August 2, 2020 by guest http://iai.asm.org/ Downloaded from