Background: The demanding nature of nursing work environments signals longstanding and growing concerns about nurses' health and job satisfaction and the provision of quality care. Specifically in health care settings, nurse leaders play an essential role in creating supportive work environments to avert these negative trends and increase nurse job satisfaction. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between structural empowerment and organizational commitment of nurses. Methods: 491 nurses working in Zanjan hospitals participated in this descriptive-correlational study in 2010. Tools for data collection were Meyer and Allen's organizational commitment questionnaire and "Conditions for Work Effectiveness Questionnaire-II" (CWEQ-II). Data was analyzed by SPSS16. The statistical tests such as variance analysis, t-test, pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression were used for data analysis. Results: According to the findings, the perception of nurses working in hospitals on "Structural Empowerment" was moderate (15.98±3.29). Nurses believed "opportunity" as the most important element in structural empowerment with the score of 3.18 ±0.79. Nurses working in non-academic hospitals and in non-teaching hospitals had higher organizational commitment than others. There was a significant relationship between structural empowerment and organizational commitment. Conclusion: Generally, structural empowerment (relatively strong) correlates with nurses' organizational commitment. We concluded that a high structural empowerment increases the organizational commitment of nurses.

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Introduction Recognizing the specific factors in relapse disorders related to each substance can help improve treatment methods and adopt more effective preventive strategies. This study aimed to compare the situational factors associated with relapse in opiate‐related disorders with stimulant‐related disorders (SRDs) of those referred to substance misuse treatment centers. Design This study was a cross‐section type. Methods The study participants were 150 clients with SRDs and 150 with opiate‐related disorders. Samples were selected using two stages random sampling method. Data were collected through a demographic questionnaire and the Inventory of Drug‐Taking Situations (IDTS). Results The mean score of IDTS in the two groups was significantly different (X̄1 = 45.93 ± 11.12 vs. X̄2 = 48.34 ± 15.07; t = 3.32, p < 0.01). The mean scores of ‘unpleasant emotions,’ ‘physical discomfort,’ ‘conflict with others,’ and ‘social pressure to use and urge/temptations’ subscales were significantly higher in the stimulant group than in the opiate group (p < 0.05). However, the mean of the testing’ personal control’ subscale was higher in the opiate group than in the stimulant group (p < 0.05). Conclusion This study reveals that despite some similarities, relapse‐related situational factors in opiates and stimulants differ. Some situational factors, such as social pressure and coping with unpleasant emotions, play a more critical role in relapse to both stimulant and opiate groups.