This experiment was conducted to determine the impact of grade incentives and gender on student performance at the university level. We perform a two-way analysis of variance on a sample of three groups of students taking a first-year core mathematics course and another three groups taking a fourth-year compulsory accounting course. We find that grade incentives significantly affect student performance for both sampled courses across all six groups. Gender is found to significantly affect the performance of mathematics students, but not of accounting students. The interaction between gender and grade incentives does not have a significant impact on performance in either experiment.

Tourism industry plays an eminent role in the development of a country and is correlated with the economic growth of the economy. This research modelled the factors influencing tourists’ behavioural intentions tourism in Pakistan. Factors affecting the intentions of the tourists to visit a particular destination have been identified in this research. Primary data has been collected through questionnaires from respondents of various nationalities. Smart PLS has been used to apply SEM “Structural Equation Modelling approach” for hypothesis testing. The findings supported that destination satisfaction and destination attachment play an imperative role in the intentions of tourists to visit a location. More attached the visitors were with the destination, better the image they had of the destination, the satisfied they were with the destination and would therefore plan to visit it more often. The derivations from the analysis can play a pivot role in developing the policies and appropriate measures to enhance tourism industry in different countries. Attachment of the tourists and their image of the destination assumed a prominent role in their anticipation to visit Pakistan.

The purpose of this study is to ascertain the influence of price and promotion on brand equity, which eventually leads to the determination of consumer’s preference for a particular brand. This research aims to add value to the current field by testing this relationship under the influence of three other mediating dimensions including the brand image, brand loyalty and quality of the product. In order to test the proposed model, the Structural Equation Modeling technique was used in this study. Within this realm, the CFA and path analysis were used to assess the validity and reliability of the latent constructs. The results of the research revealed that the price and promotion of a particular product have a statistically significant relationship with its brand equity. The results also seem to reject the mediating effect of brand image, perceived quality and brand loyalty between price and brand equity. The relationship of promotion, however, does allow for mediation by the perceived quality of a brand, but rejects the other two hypotheses. A number of researchers in Pakistan have previously conducted research on brand equity, albeit using different predictors in different industries. It must be noted that this proposed model of price and promotion, and its effects on the brand equity has not been thoroughly tested in the Pakistani context. Hence, this study proves to be a preliminary basis for further research on the linkages between price, promotion actions and brand equity