Acid, alkaline and enzymatic hydrolysis of agricultural crop wastes were compared for yields of total reducing sugars with the hydrolysates being evaluated for ethanol production using a mixed culture of Zymomonas mobilis and Candida tropicalis. Acid hydrolysis of fruit and vegetable residues gave 49-84 g reducing sugars l(-1) and 29-32 g ethanol l(-1) was then obtained. Alkaline hydrolysis did not give significant amount of reducing sugars. Enzymatic hydrolysis of fruit and vegetable residues yielded 36-123 g reducing sugars l(-1) and 11-54 g ethanol l(-1).

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Acidic oily sludge is a potential environmental hazard. The components of the oily sludge are toxic and carcinogenic, and the acidity of the sludge further increases this problem. These results establish that the novel yeast strain C. digboiensis was able to degrade hydrocarbons at low pH and can therefore be used for bioremediating soils that have been contaminated by acidic hydrocarbon wastes generated by other methods as well.

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