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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review the diversified existing literature on tourism and carbon emissions using bibliometric analysis to churn down the multiple studies under one paper, which not only provides insights into the evolution and progress of the research area but also sets the future research agenda. Design/methodology/approach The study adopted the Scientometrics review methodology based on the bibliometric analysis. Bibliometric analysis is conducted through the following techniques, namely, citation analysis, thematic mapping, country collaboration, co-citation analysis and co-occurrence of keywords with the help of R-based bibliometrix and visualization of similarities (VOS) viewer open-source software. Findings The study identified the most prominent authors, studies, journals, affiliations and countries in the field of sustainable tourism, as well as the most co-cited authors and journals, based on a bibliometric analysis of 398 research papers retrieved from the Scopus database during the past three decades (1990–2021). Moreover, some of the relevant themes identified by the authors are energy use and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission of the tourism sector, economic impacts of tourism and CO2 emissions and CO2 emissions and carbon tax. Originality/value The outcome of the selected studies is a unique contribution to the field of sustainable tourism as it is one of the first known studies to review tourism and carbon emissions. It provides in-depth bibliometric analysis of articles and identification of the important research trends.

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Purpose: This study examined the impact of medical education on students' views of substance abuse treatment, public policy options and training. Method: A longitudinal survey was conducted on a single-class cohort of 101 students in a major American, urban medical school. The survey was administered in the Spring semesters of the first to third years of the curriculum. The survey evaluated attitudes in three areas: (1) Treatment: efficacy of treatment and ideal level of physician involvement in substance abuse issues, (2) Public policy: degrees of support for competing public policy strategies and (3) Training: the amount of substance abuse education offered in medical school. Results: Response rates were 92% in the first year, 90% in the second and 75% in the third. About 54% of respondents were female, 55% were white (non-Hispanic) and 71% were 20-24 years old. Treatment: students held consistent views towards treating substance abuse patients, but there was a significant decline in the percentage who felt that drug addiction can be successfully treated (from 47 to 22%, p < 0.001). Public policy: support for public health approaches ranged from 86 to 92%, but most criminal justice approaches were favoured by fewer than 40% of respondents. Training: respondents reported a significant increase in any degree of substance abuse training ( p ¼ 0.0001); classroom and clinical experiences were the predominant sources of training. Conclusions: Surveyed medical students retained many of their a priori beliefs about substance abuse, though there were some significant changes during the survey period. Further studies are required to evaluate how these views were established and how medical education impacts potentially malleable attitudes.