Executive Summary The routine human rights abuses and due process violations of unaccompanied alien children (UAC) by US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) have contributed to a mounting humanitarian and legal crisis along the US–Mexico border. In the United States, the treatment of UAC is governed by laws, policies, and standards drawn from the Flores Settlement, the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act (TVPRA), and CBP procedures and directives, which are intended to ensure UAC’s protection, well-being, and ability to pursue relief from removal, such as asylum. As nongovernmental organizations and human rights groups have documented, however, CBP has repeatedly violated these legal standards and policies, and subjected UAC to abuses and rights violations. This article draws from surveys of 97 recently deported Mexican UAC, which examine their experiences with US immigration authorities. The study finds that Mexican UAC are detained in subpar conditions, are routinely not screened for fear of return to their home countries or for human trafficking, and are not sufficiently informed about the deportation process. The article recommends that CBP should take immediate steps to improve the treatment of UAC, that CBP and other entities responsible for the care of UAC be monitored to ensure their compliance with US law and policy, and that Mexican UAC be afforded the same procedures and protection under the TVPRA as UAC from noncontiguous states.

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A current issue of relevance for Mexico is the aging of the population, its demographic history has been strongly related directly to political and economic decisions. The ageing population faces significant income-generating challenges, which are essential to meeting its basic health needs, which are increasing considerably. For what is transcendental to characterize as precarious labour has permeated the elderly of the State of Hidalgo, on the basis of the integration of socio-demographic and economic indicators that allow the exploration of the conditions in which this segment of the population finds itself, which is growing every day and serves as an instrument for the generation of public policies.

El presente artículo pretende analizar los instrumentos que permiten la gestión del territorio a nivel municipal y el grado de instrumentación, que tienen los funcionarios municipales encargados de implementar las políticas de desarrollo urbano. Se realizó una revisión interpretativa de los instrumentos de acuerdo con el Censo Nacional de Gobiernos Municipales y Demarcaciones Territoriales del estado de Hidalgo, y de la aplicación de un cuestionario dirigido a funcionarios municipales encargados de la gestión urbana, con la referencia de un marco teórico centrado en el concepto armonización dirigido a mecanismos dirigidos a políticas públicas dirigidas al ordenamiento territorial. La metodología aplicada es una revisión documental y estadística descriptiva para analizar los cuestionarios. Como resultado se observa que los funcionarios encargados del área urbana y del ordenamiento territorial, en ocho de los 15 municipios estudiados, no conocen las herramientas que se requieren para la gestión del territorio y no tiene una formación técnica sobre planificación urbana, lo que los limita aplicar los instrumentos en la realidad. Concluyendo así que existe un limitado uso de mecanismos de gestión del territorio y desconocimiento de los funcionarios públicos en implementarlas en sus municipios.