The attentional bias is one of the most relevant components in psichopatology and others emotional situations of vulnerability (pregnancy). One of the experimental methodologies used to evaluate the emotional hyperalertness is the emotional stroop task. This rigorous process of control of the stimuli used (neutral, emotional and activators) is a model who has followed successfully in other disorders (anxiety, eating disorders, alexithymia, etc.). We now present the obtained results with a sample of pregnant women from the city of Salamanca, in different terms of gestation and with different sociodemographic variables in the dimension of state of mood: activation, arousal and stress. It is also analyzed and discussed the relationship among these variables with other emotional and support dimensions.The practical implications for prenatal and postnatal psychology are significant for the establishment of educational prevention programs, both maternal (coping strategies) and child (bonding).

Abstract:EVALUATION OF ATTENTIONAL BIASES OF SUBJECTS WITH HIGH VULNERABILITY TO ARACHNOPHOBIA USING A EMOTIONAL STROOP TASKThe present study aims to analyze attentional biases that are triggered in vulnerable subjects to phobias of spiders. A sample of subjects with high and low vulnerability to arachnophobia were administered two tests: 1 - classic Stroop task and 2 - emotional Stroop task formed by three sheets: neutral words, repulsive emotional words and words related to spider phobia. The results showed that subjects with high vulnerability do not present attentional biases with these words related to their phobia. Attentional biases were neither found regarding the state-trait anxiety about words. On the other hand, it is noteworthy that the attentional bias was not influenced by the variable of sex, although there were differences in the colour in which the stimuli were presented in the three sheets of the emotional Stroop. It was the black colour the one which produced more interference due to the fact that the colour of the stimulus would attract more attentional resources because it resembles the colour of some of these insects.Key words: emotional Stroop, aracnofobia, attentional bias, words-spiderResumen:El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar los sesgos atencionales que se desencadenan en sujetos vulnerables a mostrar fobia a las arañas. A una muestra de sujetos con alta y baja vulnerabilidad a la aracnofobia se le administraron dos pruebas: 1- Tarea Stroop clásico y 2- Tarea Stroop emocional formada por tres láminas: palabras neutras, palabras emocionales de carácter aversivo y palabras relacionadas con fobia a las arañas. Los resultados demostraron que los sujetos con alta vulnerabilidad no presentan sesgos atencionales para palabras relacionadas con su fobia. Tampoco se encontraron sesgos en atención en ansiedad rasgo-estado respecto a palabras. Por otro lado, cabe destacar que el sesgo atencional no se vio influenciado por la variable sexo de la muestra, aunque se produjeron diferencias respecto al color en que se presentaron los estímulos en las tres láminas del Stroop emocional, siendo el color negro el que produciría más interferencia debido que el color del estímulo atraería más recursos atencionales ya que se asemeja a la característica perceptiva del color negro de alguno de estos insectos.Palabras clave: stroop emocional, aracnofobia, atención selectiva, palabras-araña

This research faces the gender violence from a cognitive perspective and within the context of emotional hypervigilance specifically. The main objective of this research consists on designing a screening to detect Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) protocol in victims of gender violence (domestic), based on the Emotional Stroop. Moreover, from this perspective, we have analyzed variables directly related to the gender violence (domestic) crime, such as Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. In this study we show the effectiveness and significance of this test as a detector of PTSD in victims of gender violence (domestic).