A B S T RA C T Support services to families of children with disabilities have previously been documented. While the effectiveness and consequences of some support strategies have been defined, their comparison remains problematic primarily because of the diversified existing definitions. The present study aimed to elaborate and validate a typology to describe different types of support that can be offered to families of children with disabilities. A review of literature highlighted a variety of support services and allowed a categorical grouping. Content analysis ensured that each category was defined distinctively. Afterwards, a panel of experts and representatives of organizations from seven developed countries (Australia, and Switzerland) validated the typology. A database of services offered in these countries was created. The resulting typology was divided into four categories related to the family needs: support, respite, child minding and emergency support. Each type of support can be illustrated within organizations in the database. As such, social workers can use the defined typology to identify the needs of families of children with disabilities and suggest alternatives when services are not available. Overall, the described typology should facilitate discussion between stakeholders and families by providing a common communication system.

Ce texte propose une analyse croisée du soutien aux familles d’enfants handicapés au Québec et en Suisse romande. Il présente, pour chaque région, les principales législations en lien avec la politique familiale et le handicap, les dispositifs de sécurité sociale ainsi que l’organisation des services sociaux, scolaires et de santé. Les deux territoires possèdent un héritage historique commun ancré dans une approche caritative du handicap. Dans les années 1970, les revendications des mouvements associatifs ont permis, de part et d’autre, une professionnalisation de l’accompagnement des personnes handicapées et de leurs proches. Actuellement, le système québécois s’inscrit dans une perspective ambulatoire, tandis que les institutions spécialisées jouent encore un rôle important en Suisse romande. Dans ces deux parties francophones d’États fédéralistes, des besoins importants subsistent au sein des familles d’enfants handicapés, malgré le développement de solutions innovantes.

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