Background: Detailed evaluations of hypoglycemia and associated indices based on continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) are limited in patients with diabetes of the exocrine pancreas. Our study sought to evaluate the frequency and pattern of hypoglycemic events and to investigate hypoglycemia-specific indices in this population. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study comprising 83 participants with diabetes of the exocrine pancreas. CGM and self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) were performed on all participants for a minimum period of 72 hours. The frequency and pattern of hypoglycemic events, as well as hypoglycemia-related indices, were evaluated. Results: Hypoglycemia was detected in 90.4% of patients using CGM and 38.5% of patients using SMBG. Nocturnal hypoglycemic events were more frequent (1.9 episodes/patient) and prolonged (142 minutes) compared with day-time events (1.1 episodes/patient; 82.8 minutes, P < 0.05). The mean low blood glucose index was 2.1, and glycemic risk assessment diabetes equation hypoglycemia was 9.1%. The mean time spent below (TSB) <70 mg/dL was 9.2%, and TSB <54 mg/dL was 3.7%. The mean area under curve (AUC) <70 mg/dL was 1.7 ± 2.5 mg/dL/hour and AUC <54 mg/dL was 0.6 ± 1.3 mg/dL/hour. All of the CGM-derived hypoglycemic indices were significantly more deranged at night compared with during the day ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: Patients with diabetes of the exocrine pancreas have a high frequency of hypoglycemic episodes that are predominantly nocturnal. CGM is superior to SMBG in the detection of nocturnal and asymptomatic hypoglycemic episodes. CGM-derived hypoglycemic indices are beneficial in estimating the risk of hypoglycemia.

Aim: To determine the incidence rate of early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) among term neonates (gestation greater than 37 weeks) admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit for suspected sepsis and the association of EONS with maternal fever (temperature greater than 38 C). Methods: A single-centre retrospective cohort study of all term neonates (gestation >37 weeks) admitted to and treated in the neonatal unit at the Townsville University Hospital between March 2015 and March 2020. Neonatal sepsis was confirmed with positive neonatal blood culture. Data on neonatal birth/stay and maternal pregnancy were collected from the electronic medical records and neonatal database. Results: Data from 737 neonates who were admitted for treatment of EONS were analysed. Sixty % (426) reported maternal intrapartum fever, with 1.1% (5) of neonates developing blood culture-proven sepsis. Forty % did not report intrapartum fever (311), with 3% (9) of neonates developing sepsis. As such, the sensitivity and specificity of maternal fever are 1.14% and 97%, respectively. The positive predictive value was 35.7%, and the negative predictive value was 40.1%. Fourteen neonates developed EONS, and all of them were symptomatic. Seventy-eight % (334/426) of the women in the febrile group received epidural analgesia compared to 5% (16/311) in the afebrile group. Of the 95 neonates born to women with chorioamnionitis, one (1.0%) of the neonates born to women with chorioamnionitis developed sepsis. Conclusions: Intrapartum maternal fever is an unreliable predictor for EONS and leads to unnecessary antibiotic treatment. Symptoms in the neonate are a more reliable indicator of an ill neonate with blood culture-proven sepsis.

Feeding a neonate with a complete cleft lip and palate is difficult pursuit due to communication between oral cavity and nasal cavity. A multidisciplinary approach is required to manage the complex problems involved in case of such neonates and their families. Present case is of a 1-day-old neonate having complete bilateral cleft lip and palate for which palatal obturator was constructed. A stepwise simple, easy and uncomplicated procedure for making accurate impressions, maxillary cast and fabrication of palatal obturator in infants with cleft lip and palate has been presented. The objective to present this case report is to emphasize the fact that how these palatal obturators /plates help in feeding, speech/language development, presurgical orthopedics and prevent other associated otorhinolaryngeal problems.How to cite this article: Bansal R, Pathak AK, Bhatia B, Gupta S, Gautam KK. Rehabilitation of a One-day Old Neonate with Cleft Lip and Palate using Palatal Obturator: A Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2012;5(2):145-147.

Adenoid hypertrophy is a normal phenomenon seen in young children. Adenoids may however be of large size or may not reduce in size in adulthood. Large adenoids may cause mouth breathing, overcrowding of teeth or otological symptoms. When adenoids are large and producing these effects, adenoidectomy is necessary. Adenoidectomy immensely benefits such patients but they may still continue to be habitual mouth breathers. This can lead to formation of long narrow face, labially protruded maxillary incisors and class 2 malocclusion. Immediate orthodontic treatment of such patients will improve facial profile and lead to class 1 (Angle) occlusion. We present here a study of 20 patients who were given early orthodontic treatment in postadenoidectomy period as compared to those patients who were not treated by orthodontist.