No abstract

This paper aims to determine the effects of using social networks on work-related outcomes. Observed work-related outcomes are job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and work performance. The moderating effects of gender and age of respondents on the given relations were also observed. In addition, this paper aims to consider the theoretical and practical implications of such research. The research was conducted in West Balkan countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia. Respondents were employed in organizations in these countries and 313 complete questionnaires were collected. The number of social media networks and somewhat frequency of social media networks usage and the number of photos has a positive effect on individual outcomes of employed persons. Daily time usage, frequency of posting photos, number of groups, and number of groups (active participant) have negative effects on individual outcomes of employed persons. Prolonged use of social media networks (during the day) can especially reduce job satisfaction while joining a large number of groups severely jeopardizes organizational commitment. Active participation in a number of groups significantly reduces salary satisfaction and organizational loyalty among male employees. Excessive use of social media network sites and frequent posting of images can reduce satisfaction with the nature of work and work performance among older employees. The discovered connections and influences have scientific and practical significance, which is explained in the paper.

The importance of establishing communication with users and consumers, through social networks, is increasingly recognized and is present in the modern business world. Public relations enable building trust and gaining loyalty among users, and the activities of this business function are increasingly manifested through digital, social media channels. Establishing a close relationship between consumers and the company, the exchange of the most important and new information is achieved thought all social media, but in different ways. Due to its specificity, Tik Tok as a social network is becoming more widespread and gaining an increasing number of users. In this paper, the authors analyze the importance of using this social network in modern public relations and the changes that Tik Tok social network brings in the process of communicating with the public.

The topic of this paper are the values of the individual entrepreneurial orientation and the Theory of planned behavior dimensions, among freelancers in the Western Balkan countries (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, and Serbia). The effects of four control variables: gender, age, education level, and previous entrepreneurial experience were also examined. Freelancers best perceive support for an entrepreneurial venture as well as their proactivity. Entrepreneurial intentions were assessed as the worst. The greatest impact on the observed dimensions occurs in the division of the sample into freelancers who have/do not have previous experience in entrepreneurship. As for the other control variables, statistically significant differences occur in only three other cases: dimensions RT - Risk-taking and PBC - Perceived behavioral control on the side of male freelancers, and dimension IN - Innovativeness on the side of younger freelancers. A comparison was made with a similar study, where the respondents were conventional employees. In general, freelancers have greater entrepreneurial intentions than conventional employees. Freelancers are more consistent in terms of entrepreneurial intentions: there are no differences in these intentions if the sample is divided according to the gender and age of freelancers. These results are discussed in the paper.

This paper examines and analyses the differences in job satisfaction among the conventionally employed and teleworkers. Differences were examined for three control variables: gender, age and education of the respondents. The research was conducted in West Balkan countries (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia), and included 313 respondents (conventionally employed and teleworkers). Teleworkers are more satisfied than conventionally employed. This is most evident through satisfaction with all forms of compensation, procedures and associates. Job satisfaction is higher in men, both those who work conventionally and who telework. Men are significantly more appreciative of opportunities for advancement, as well as achieving additional benefits and rewards. Younger respondents have greater job satisfaction than older respondents, but this only applies to the conventionally employed. There are no differences in job satisfaction among teleworkers in terms of dependence on age. Job satisfaction does not depend on the respondents' level of education of, and this applies to both conventionally employed and teleworkers. Companies that apply telework evaluate the results of their employees' work and the contribution they provide to the company more objectively, and accordingly, they reward and promote employees adequately. Thus, all age groups and educational categories of employees see their chance in teleworking conditions.