Stunting represents a child’s failure to thrive. On the basis of the World Health Organization child growth standards, stunting is a height of <−2 SD of the z-score for the child’s age. There are several major causes of stunting. One is the inability to optimize child feeding practices. The aim of this study was to explore the feeding practices that lead to stunting in toddlers in Jakarta. The participants in this study were 15 mothers. Content analysis was the method that was chosen for this study. The data analysis revealed four themes that describe the feeding practices for toddlers with stunting in Jakarta: i) mothers providing instant porridge and ready-to-serve steamed chicken rice; ii) a feeding frequency of small portions only 2- 3 times per day; iii) a lack of diet diversity; and iv) the suboptimal intake of iron-rich foods. The provision of effective education about appropriate feeding practices to pregnant women and mothers with toddlers is expected to reduce the incidence of stunting in Indonesia.
Stunting merupakan salah satu kondisi gagal tumbuh pada anak dimana tinggi badan anak <-2SD menurut tabel Z-score WHO. Ada beberapa hal yang menjadi penyebab utama masalah stunting pada anak, salah satunya yaitu ketidakoptimalan praktik pemberian makan anak. Tujuan Pelaksanaan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini yaitu untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan ibu tentang pencegahan stunting melalui edukasi praktik pemberian makan yang tepat berdasarkan rekomendasi WHO. Sebanyak 40 ibu yang memiliki anak Balita ikut dalam kegiatan PKM. Metode pelaksanaan PKM yaitu sosialisasi yang dikombinasikan dengan survei secara kuantitatif tentang pelaksanaan praktek pemberian yang dilakukan oleh ibu berdasarkan indikator praktik pemberian makan menurut rekomendasi WHO. Hasil PKM menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara nilai pre dan posttest peserta setelah diberikan sosialisasi di Kelurahan Cawang, Jakarta timur (P<0,001) dan 90 % ibu mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan. Pemahaman ibu yang memiliki anak Balita tentang pencegahan stunting melalui pemberian makanan yang tepat dapat menurunkan risiko masalah stunting di Indonesia.
Bacground: Stunting is one of the conditions of failed to grow on the children where the child’s height is not obtained in accordance with the age of the child. There are a few things that become the main causes of stunting problem in children, as well as the ineffectiveness of child feeding practice. Objective: To find out the influence of feeding practice according to WHO guidelines on the risk of stunting in infant and young children in developing countries according on literature review. Methods: This literature review used search strategy on five databases involved Science Direct, EBSCOhost, ProQuest, Taylor & Franchis, and Scopus using the keywords of “stunting, feeding practice, infant and young children”. The author used several filter i.e. research articles, articles with English language, and published in 2008-2018. All articles were selected using Appraisal Tool of PRISMA and resulting 16 Articles. Results: Sixteen articles showed that minimum dietary diversity, exclusive breast feeding, the time of introduction of complementary feeding, high iron feeding, and frequency of feeding have a significant relationship with incident of stunting for infant and young children. Conclusion: The feeding practice for infant and young children in developing countries was not optimal. Providing education as early as possible to prospective mothers and mothers about proper feeding practices was expected can increase the knowledge and ability of mothers to practice appropriate feeding according to WHO recommendations.
ABSTRAK Masalah kegawatan aspirasi benda asing atau tersedak dan kejang demam pada anak usia Toddler merupakan salah satu kondisi kegawatan yang serius pada anak dan mengancam nyawa bila tidak ditangani segera. Observasi oleh pengasuh khususnya orangtua sangat penting dilakukan pada periode usia anak pada periode ini. Penanganan aspirasi benda asing dan kejang demam pada anak pre hospital dengan cepat dan tepat dapat mencegah peningkatan insiden morbiditas dan mortalitas anak. Tujuan Pelaksanaan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini yaitu untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan orangtua ibu tentang pencegahan dan penanganan aspirasi benda asing dan kejang demam pada anak Toddler di rumah. Sebanyak 30 ibu yang memiliki anak Toddler ikut dalam kegiatan PKM ini. Metode pelaksanaan PKM yaitu edukasi kesehatan secara daring melalui Zoom yang dikombinasikan dengan survei secara kuantitatif tentang pengetahuan ibu dalam melakukan pencegahan dan penanganan aspirasi benda asing dan kejang demam pada anak. Hasil PKM menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara nilai pre dan posttest pengetahuan ibu setelah diberikan sosialisasi (P<0,001). Kegiatan edukasi kesehatan kepada orangtua khusunya ibu atau pengasuh tentang pencegahan dan penanganan aspirasi benda dan kejang demam di rumah merupakan salah satu cara yang efektif untuk mengurangi angka morbiditas dan mortalitas pada anak di Indonesia. Kata Kunci : Toddler, kejang demam, aspirasi benda asing. Peran Ibu
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