Objectives Indonesia is ranked as the 4th highest contributor to tuberculosis (TB) in the world. Semarang District in Central Java displays extremely low case detection rate (CDR), possibly contributing to the local prevalence of TB. Methods A case-control study was performed to explore the factors that cause such low CDR. We recruited 129 TB cases and 83 controls that visited the same centers and were not diagnosed with TB. Results The cases had 7.5 ± 2.3 symptoms/person on average, indicating the delay in diagnosis because the controls only displayed 1.0 ± 1.7. The multiple logistic regression analysis comparing the cases/controls extracted following factors as a risk to have TB: farmer, close contact with TB patients, ignorance of whether Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) was accepted or no, smoking, low income, a lot of people living in the same room, irregular hand wash before meals, not wash hands after blow, soil floor, and no sunlight and no ventilation in the house. Conclusions Neither the cases nor the controls knew the symptoms and how to avoid TB infection, which probably caused the delay in diagnosis. It is difficult to change the current living conditions. Thus, the amendment of the community-based education program of TB seems to be required.

Ketidakseimbangan antara demand dan supply lahan sering mendorong perluasan kota ke daerahpinggirannya sehingga mengurangi wilayah pertanian. Hal ini dapat diamati di Kelurahan MlatiYogyakarta yang diklasifikasikan sebagai zobidekot (kawasan didominasi lahan pertanian) tetapi telahkehilangan 301,9 acre wilayah pertaniannya dalam kurun waktu 1996‐2010. Studi ini mengkaji perubahanguna lahan pada masa itu, dan ketidaksesuaian antara pembangunan di lapangan dan dokumen RencanaDetail Tata Ruang. Studi ini menganalisis foto udara dan gambar satelit melalui proses overlay dananalisis input‐output, disertai analisis SWOT atas kebijakan‐kebijakan guna lahan. Hasil menunjukkanbahwa 10,32% guna lahan di Mlati berubah sepanjang kurun waktu tersebut, yang mengakibatkanhilangnya 290,67 acre area pertanian dengan 13,12% diantaranya berubah menjadi permukiman. Namundemikian, 65,9% dari guna lahan disana masih sesuai dengan dokumen perencanaan. Wilayah inikekurangan aspek hukum dalam penerapan kebijakan guna lahannya karena dokumen perencanaanbelum disahkan. Aspek kelembagaan menunjukkan konsistensi dan ketersediaan sumber daya, tetapi adakelemahan dalam implementasi terkait kontrol dan penegakan hukum. Investasi, kebijakan pajak danperubahan guna lahan ilegal menjadi ancaman bagi implementasi kebijakan.Kata kunci : guna lahan, perubahan guna lahan, RDTR Yogyakarta, Kelurahan Mlati

Those with a pragmatic attitude were less likely to have PTSD. However, those who were required to make decisions within close relationships and were intimate with the Nanai tradition and the Amur River had increased likelihood of PTSD.

This article is about the factors that influence decision making. articles are made to complete the task of making decision courses. I lift this article from one of the material that has been studied for one semester. where decision making has direct goals and benefits in everyday life

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