ABSTRAKPada proses pencapan tekstil diperlukan zat pembantu berupa pengental untuk menghantarkan warna pada kain. Beberapa pengental alam dapat digunakan untuk proses pencapan tersebut salah satu diantaranya adalan gum xanthan. Gum xanthan dapat diperoleh dari aktivitas mikroorganisme dengan diberikan nutrisi yang mencukupi untuk pertumbuhannya, seperti sumber karbon dan nitrogen. Sumber karbon dapat diperoleh dari ampas tahu sisa dari kegiatan industri pembuatan tahu. Pada penelitian ini, digunakan ampas tahu sisa dari proses pembuatan tahu di industri tahu rumahan, sebagai substrat dalam produksi gum xanthan oleh bakteri Xanthomonas campestris. Gum xanthan yang dihasilkan dicoba sebagai pengental pada proses tekstil dengan melihat sifat-sifat dari pengental diantaranya viskositas, dilihat gugus-gugus fungsional gum xanthan dengan analisis FTIR, melihat morfologi gum xanthan serbuk menggunakan SEM, kadar air, kadar abu, derajat putih dan kekakuan kain. Hasil dari Penelitian ini diperoleh gum xanthan sebanyak 35 g/L pada kondisi konsentrasi tepung ampas tahu sebanyak 2% (b/v), penambahan sukrosa 1% (b/v), volume kultur bakteri Xanthomonas campestris sebanyak 20% (v/v) dan proses fermentasi yang dilakukan selama 5 hari. Dari hasil tersebut membuktikan bahwa bakteri Xanthomonas campestris mampu mengkonversi gula menjadi gum xanthan maksimal sebesar 87,5%. Dari hasil karaktisasi derajat putih dan kekakuan kain, gum xanthan dari tepung ampas tahu dapat digunakan sebagai pengental pada proses tekstil baik untuk serat sintetis maupun serat alam.Kata kunci: gum xanthan, ampas tahu, Xanthomonas campestris, pengental, pencapan tekstil ABSTRACTIn the textile printing process is needed a thickener to deliver the color in to the fabric. Some natural thickeners can be used for the printing process, one of which is xanthan gum. Xanthan gum can be obtained from the microorganisms activity with adequate nutrition for its growth, such as carbon and nitrogen sources. The carbon source can be obtained from the residual tofu dregs from tofu industry. In this study, tofu dregs from tofu home industry used as substrate in xanthan gum production by Xanthomonas campestris bacteria. The resulting xanthan gum was attempted as a thickener in the textile process by looking at the properties of the thickener such as viscosity, viewed functional groups of gum xanthan with FTIR analysis, looking at the morphology of gum xanthan powder using SEM, moisture content, ash content, degree of white and stiffness of the fabric. The results of this study obtained 35 g / L xanthan gum at 2% (w / v) dregs of flour dregs, 1% sucrose (b / v) addition, culture volume of Xanthomonas campestris bacteria 20% (v / v) and fermentation process conducted for 5 days. From these results also proven that Xanthomonas campestris bacteria able to produce xanthan sugar a maximum of 87.5%. From the results of white degree and fabric rigidity characterization, xanthan gum from the tofu dregs flour can be used as a thickener in the textile process, both synthetic fiber and ...

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The betel (Piper betle) leaves have been using for traditional medicine in several tropical countries, like Indonesia. The betel leaves have the antimicrobial property for inhibiting the growth of microbes. In this study, cotton fabric was treated with the betel leaves extract 1, 5 and 10 g/l. The peper betel leaves are extracted by using boiling water up to half. The betel leaf extract was imparted onto the cotton fabrics for underclothes apparel using a pad-dry-cure. The antimicrobial activity property of treat cotton fabrics was assessed (Escherchia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Candida albicans AATCC 100-2004). The piper betle extract more effective to inhibit the growth of Candida Albicans than Escherchia coli, Staphylococcus aureus. Lactobacillus acidophilus as a good bacteria around the vagina, can still grow. From the result of this study, betel leaf is an antiseptic, then can be used in preventing vaginal discharge. The durability of the betel leaf extract on the cotton fabric did not decrease significantly after washing 15 times using Lounder O’meter machine washing. The excellent performance of antimicrobial on the fabrics can keep clean and can help the vaginal area keep clean, odorless, and is expected to prevent vaginal discharge.