Introduction:Numerous rehab protocols have been used in rehabilitation after ACL reconstruction. Isokinetic testing is an objective way to evaluate dynamic stability of the knee joint that estimates the quality of rehabilitation outcome after ACL reconstruction. Our investigation goal was to show importance of isokinetic testing in evaluation thigh muscle strength in patients which underwent ACL reconstruction and rehabilitation protocol.Subjects and methods:In prospective study, we evaluated 40 subjects which were divided into two groups. Experimental group consisted of 20 recreational males which underwent ACL reconstruction with hamstring tendon and rehabilitation protocol 6 months before isokinetic testing. Control group (20 subjects) consisted of healthy recreational males. In all subjects knee muscle testing was performed on a Biodex System 4 Pro isokinetic dynamo-meter et velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s. We followed average peak torque to body weight (PT/BW) and classic H/Q ratio. In statistical analysis Student’s T test was used.Results:There were statistically significant differences between groups in all evaluated parameters except of the mean value of PT/BW of the quadriceps et velocity of 60°/s (p>0.05).Conclusion:Isokinetic testing of dynamic stabilizers of the knee is need in diagnostic and treatment thigh muscle imbalance. We believe that isokinetic testing is an objective parameter for return to sport activities after ACL reconstruction.

Introduction:The use of rehabilitation protocol which corresponds to surgical technique results in optimal postoperative outcome and functional recovery of patients to a pre-injury level of activity. The aim of this paper is to show the effects of the official rehabilitation protocol in our Institute on functional recovery of patients after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.Patients and methods:In prospective study, we evaluated 70 males after ACL reconstruction using hamstring graft. Patients were divided into two groups according to the manner of conducting the postoperative rehabilitation. Group A consisted of 35 patients that followed postoperative rehabilitation according to the rehabilitation protocol. Group B also 35 patients, which did not undergo the rehabilitation protocol. We evaluated thigh muscle circumference and modified Tegner Lysholm Score, preoperatively and postoperatively after 1,3,6 and 12 months. In the statistical analysis, the Studentov T-test was used.Results:In the first postoperative month, the difference between groups in thigh muscle circumference is statistically significant (p<0,05). This difference between groups is statistically highly significant after 3, 6, and 12 months postoperative (p<0,01). Results of the modified Tegner Lysholm Score is statistically highly significant in 1, 3 and 6 postoperative months in patients from the experimental group (p<0,01).Conclusion:The positive effects of the rehabilitation protocol results in significant increase of the thigh muscle circumference and faster functional recovery of patients after ACL reconstruction.

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Regular physical activity is important for the health of both sexes. However, the physiological, anatomical, psychological and socio-cultural specificities of women require special considerations in all aspects of their sports. Puberty brings gender differences that result from different sexual functioning of endocrine axis. Despite the identical mechanisms of adaptation to physical activity, sexually mature women and men have inherited anatomical and physiological differences in body composition, aerobic capacity-building and muscle strength. In particular, it relates to the more complex female reproductive system. The female reproductive system is a functional part of the human body most sensitive to stress caused by heavy physical exertion. The most common disorders whose risk was significantly increased in physically active women are eating disorder, disturbed menstrual cycle, infertility, intimidated fractures, rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament, or even death. Mainly those are result of blunders and ignorance. Fortunately, they are largely preventable

SAŽETAKRedovna fizička aktivnost važna je za zdravlje oba pola. Međutim, fiziološke, anatomske, psihološke i socijalno-kulturološke specifičnosti ženskog pola zahtijevaju posebne obzire u svim sferama njihovog bavljenja sportom. Pubertet donosi razlike među polovima koje su posljedica različitog funkcionisanja polne endokrine osovine. Uprkos identičnim mehanizmima adaptacije na fizičku aktivnost polno zrele žene i muškarci imaju nasljeđene anatomske i fiziološke različitosti u tjelesnoj kompoziciji, aerobnom kapacitietu i mišićnoj snazi. Naročito se odnosi na mnogo složeniji ženski reproduktivni sistem. Ženski reproduktivni sistem predstavlja funkcionalni dio ljudskog tijela najosjetljiviji na stres izazvan teškim fizičkim naporom. Najčešći poremećaji čiji rizik se znatno povećava kod fizički aktivnih žena su poremećaj ishrane, narušen menstrualni ciklus, infertilitet, stres frakture, rupture prednjeg ukrštenog ligamenta ili čak smrt. Uglavnom su posljedica grubih grešaka i neznanja. Srećom, dobrom prevencijom uglavnom ih je moguće spriječiti.Ključne riječi: fizički napor, ishrana, menstrualni ciklus, stres fraktire, ženska sportska trijada.