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BACKGROUND: Low-pressure batch and continuous-flow microwave photoreactors were equipped with microwave powered quartz mercury electrodeless discharge lamps (Hg-EDLs). Photohydrolysis of aqueous mono-chloroacetic acid (MCAA) into hydroxyacetic acid and HCl was chosen as the model reaction to evaluate these photoreactors. The effects of operational parameters on the MCAA photolysis through a UV/MW process were investigated.

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This review article is the second of the comprehensive series on survey of the microwave photochemical and photocatalytic processes, and is focused specially on the microwave-assisted photochemical applications of the electrodeless discharge lamps (EDLs) in organic synthesis. The concept of microwave organic photochemistry is an important issue in synthetic chemistry and material science, and is presented in several schemes. Likewise, the various microwave photochemical reactor types (batch with external or internal light source, flow-through with external light source, annular flow-through with internal EDL, cylindrical flow-through surrounded with EDL, and mixed flow-through with internal EDL) with different arrangement of the lamps are described.