Purpose: To investigate the effects of bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex high-definition transcranial direct-current stimulation (HD-tDCS) on physiological and performance responses during exercise at the upper limit of the severe-intensity exercise domain in elite-level road cyclists. Methods: Eleven elite-level road cyclists (VO2peak: 71.8 [3.1] mL·kg−1·min−1) underwent the HD-tDCS or SHAM condition in a double-blind, counterbalanced, and randomized order. After 20 minutes of receiving either HD-tDCS on dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (F3 and F4) or SHAM stimulation, participants completed a 10-minute constant-load trial (CLT1) at 90% of the first ventilatory threshold and a 2-minute CLT (CLT2) at peak power output. Thereafter, they performed a simulated 2-km time trial (TT). Maximal oxygen uptake, respiratory exchange ratio, heart rate, and rating of perceived exertion were recorded during CLT1 and CLT2, whereas performance parameters were recorded during the TT. Results: In 6 out of 11 cyclists, the total time to complete the TT was 3.0% faster in HD-tDCS compared to SHAM. Physiological and perceptual variables measured during CLT1 and CLT2 did not change between HD‐tDCS and SHAM. Conclusions: HD-tDCS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex seemed to improve cycling TT performance within the upper limit of the severe-intensity exercise domain, suggesting that an upregulation of the prefrontal cortex could be critical even in this exercise intensity domain. However, the limited dimension and the high interindividual variability require further studies to test these putative ergogenic effects.

This paper outlines the roadmap and the preliminary results of an interactive systems aimed at providing interactive urban maps tailored to people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). It aims at involving ASDs in the design process to produce personalized services that can support their daily movements and task management, improving their autonomy and sense of agency.

Cultural Heritage exploration is interesting for the development of inclusive tourist guides because it exposes visitors to different types of challenges, from steering content recommendation to visitors' interests and cognitive capabilities, to the suggestion of places that can be effectively reached and visited under different types of constraints: e.g., temporal and physical ones. In this work we are interested in the needs of people with Autism in order to support them in the exploration of a geographic area. Specifically, this paper presents a mobile tourist guide that we are developing to help people in visiting new places. The app is an evolution of PIUMA (Personalised Interactive Urban Maps for Autism), conceived to help autistic citizens in their everyday movements. It shows a map tailored to users with Autism Spectrum Disorder. In particular, it presents a personalized selection of safe Points of Interest, i.e., places that are, at the same time, interesting for the user and have "safe" characteristics from the sensory point of view, such as being quiet, scarcely crowded, or with smooth lights. In this paper, we present how we intend to extend PIUMA to support tourists.

Despite distinctive clinical characteristics, Asperger Syndrome (AS) is actually included in the broad spectrum of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Usually, to evaluate AS in adulthood, diagnostic tools are referred to autistic traits; furthermore, AS' neuropsychological profile features are still unclear. The aim of the present review is to shed light on the cognitive characteristics of adults with AS. Limited number of studies have investigated the neuropsychological profile of adults with AS: individuals with AS have intellectual abilities in the normal range and show strengths in verbal memory, inhibitory control and decision making. Disagreement exists about the presence of deficits in attentional functions, visual-spatial memory, cognitive flexibility, planning and verbal fluency. The present work underlines the need for a neuropsychological assessment in order to delineate the cognitive profile of adults with AS, which could help in the diagnosis of AS in adulthood and to design rehabilitative protocols.

This paper describes the preliminary results of a project aimed to support people with autism in finding city places that match their "sensorial" preferences and aversions. Through a participatory design approach, we designed an interactive map that collects sensorial data about the urban environment exploiting crowdsourcing mechanisms.