Resumo: Neste trabalho apresentamos um kit para aulas práticas que possibilitará, aos estudantes do Ensino Fundamental, conhecer mais sobre a Paleontologia e compreender a utilidade dos fósseis para a interpretação dos ambientes pretéritos e para a datação das camadas sedimentares. A quase totalidade das escolas do Ensino Fundamental II não dispõe de material para aulas práticas sobre temas relacionados à Paleontologia. O kit consiste em réplicas de fósseis brasileiros e de uma cartilha com as informações necessárias para o desenvolvimento das atividades práticas. Com esse intuito, foram utilizadas réplicas de fósseis procedentes da Bacia de Itaboraí, no estado do Rio de Janeiro, de idade paleocênica, e um bloco de rochas da Formação Pirabas, nos estados do Maranhão, Piauí e Pará, de idade miocênica. Este material também representa uma forma de divulgar a paleontologia brasileira e desmistificar o uso de fósseis de dinossauro como recurso único no ensino e divulgação da Paleontologia.Palavras-chave: Ensino Fundamental. Material didático-instrucional. Paleontologia. Divulgação científica. Abstract:In this work we present a kit for laboratory classes for Junior High schools students seeking to teach them more about paleontology and the importance and usefulness of fossils to identify past environments and dating of the sedimentary layers. Almost all Junior High schools do not have satisfactory material for laboratory classes on topics related to Paleontology. The kit consists of replicas of Brazilian fossils and a booklet with the necessary information for the practical activities. For this purpose we used replicas of fossils coming from Itaboraí Basin, Rio de Janeiro state, of Paleocene age, and a block of rock from Pirabas Formation, Maranhão, Piauí and Pará States, of Miocene age. This material is also a way to spread the knowledge Brazilian paleontology and demystify the use of dinosaur fossils as the unique source of paleontological teaching and dissemination.

Myrmecophaga tridactyla, the giant anteater, is a monospecific genus of anteater endemic to South and Central America. This species is marked by a predominantly brown or black coat, with anterolaterally elongated black and white stripes in its body and anterior black bands on its forelimbs. Chromatic variations are so far unknown for this species. Herein, we report and describe the first formal records of melanism and albinism in M. tridactyla and discuss the possible causes and environmental relationships of these color anomalies in the species.

The evolution of the human species is a topic of extreme importance reported in the "Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais do Ensino Médio-PCNEM" (National Curriculum Standards of Secondary Education), although it is not often taught as part of basic education. This work presents the results of an experimental work performed with 31 students of a religious high school of State of Rio de Janeiro. Learning proficiency was assessed by using twodimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) illustration techniques of hominids skulls and a Pongidae for teaching Human Evolution. The teaching-learning process using these methodologies was more effective with the application of three-dimensional (3D) illustration techniques. The group of students that used 3D illustrations were able to observe similarities and differences between the presented taxonomic models, and formulate hypotheses about their palaeobiology more consistently than the students that used 2D models. Results of this work indicate that the use of threedimensional techniques (3D) provides an excellent support to teaching-learning process in basic education, captivating and stimulating new interests of students during the educational process.