V accination continues to be one of the most effective and safe ways to protect against infectious diseases (Clapp et al., 2011; Clements and Griffiths, 2002). However, the high price of vaccines and their repeated administration throughout the year are serious deterrents to their use in large numbers of animals. Therefore, there is a need to develop new vaccines that have low cost and are used either once or for long periods of time (1-2 years) in order to facilitate the work of both veterinary workers and cattle breeders (Zuhair BI, 2017) Vaccines enhanced with an ad-juvant cause a longer and more intense immune response (Harandi et al., 2009; Peek et al., 2008). The word "adjuvant" comes from the Latin adjuvara, that is, "to help" (He et al., 2000). The adjuvant capacity of minerals was first discovered by Gleny et al. in 1926, after the precipitation of aluminum sulfate suspension of diphtheria toxoid, which increased the immunogenicity of this drug. Later, a large number of inorganic salts were tested, but alum, phosphate, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide hydrophosphate and calcium phosphate were only approved. Adjuvants are substances that, in combination research Article Abstract | Vaccination continues to be one of the most effective ways to protect against infectious diseases; therefore, there is a need to develop new vaccines that have low cost and are used either once or for long periods of time.The current study aims to test organic hydroxyapatite in bacterial vaccines on laboratory and farm animals and determine its adjuvant and immunogenic properties. In pre-clinical tests, white mongrel mice weighing 18-20g and rats weighing 250-300g were used. Adjuvant (organic hydroxyapatite) separately and as part of vaccines was administered subcutaneously, intraperitoneally and intramuscularly at a dose of 0.5 ml. Clinical tests of adjuvant were carried out on Holstein-Friesian cows and calves. Experimental vaccines were used: 1) a split-conjugated vaccine against animal brucellosis (as antigens it included the components of brucella (Br. Abortus); 2) a vaccine against mastitis of cows. Results showed that PhA, neutrophils and monocytes in the blood smears of the control group were 1.4 times lower, and twice as much compared to the vaccine without the adjuvant. The maximum PhI(FI) was observed in animals immunized with a split-conjugated vaccine against brucellosis of animals with the adjuvant. The disappearance of vaccine antibody titer in the blood after 30 days was stated, which is positive in the diagnosis of brucellosis. The anti-mastitis vaccine with the adjuvant demonstrates prophylactic properties. In conclusion: Organic hydroxyapatite, obtained from the bones of animals by pyrolysis, displays adjuvant and immunogenic properties when used in bacterial vaccines.

Background and Aim: Brucellosis is a disease occurring worldwide. Although it is mainly a cattle disease, it is extremely dangerous for humans. Milk and meat can be contaminated with Brucella. The present study aims to examine the biochemical and physicochemical indicators of the quality of milk and meat obtained from cows positively reacting to brucellosis in comparison with healthy animals. Materials and Methods: Two groups of cattle meat samples (four muscles from different parts of the carcass) were obtained during slaughter at a specialized meat processing plant, and milk samples were examined from healthy animals (10 cows) and from cows positively responding to brucellosis (10 cows). For the milk samples, federal standards (GOST 32915- 2014 and GOST 25179-2014) and an atomic absorption spectrometer "Kvant-Z ETA" were used. To evaluate the chemical composition of the meat, the "Clover" apparatus and a tissue grinder (SM-3) were used. Results: In the meat of cows that positively responded to brucellosis, compared with that of healthy animals, the amount of dry matter decreased by 1.2 times, amino ammonia nitrogen by 1.01 times, proteins by 1.2 times, fat by 1.28 times, volatile fatty acids by 1.09 times, tryptophan by 1.25 times, oxyproline by 1.14 times, and protein quality indicator by 1.21 times. Conclusion: Despite the severity of brucellosis in cattle, the biochemical and physicochemical indicators of the quality of milk and meat obtained from the healthy and contaminated animals vary, although insignificantly.

B rucella as an optional intracellular pathogen establishes a close relationship with the host's immune cells. Through the disruptive function of the immune system, the pathogen is able to support a chronic infection, which often makes treatment and diagnostics difficult. In recent decades, many studies have been conducted in an attempt to develop safe and effective animal brucellosis vaccines. There is no licensed vaccine for the prevention of human brucellosis. A human vaccine would be useful in protecting farmers, veterinarians, animal care workers, laboratory staff and the general population living in endemic areas of brucellosis (Dornless et al., 2015).Studies aimed at developing the ideal vaccine against brucellosis in animals and humans have been being carried out since the beginning of the twentieth century (Blasco et al., 2016).Since then, live as well as inactivated vaccines have been developed. Vaccination is the best economical measure to control brucellosis in endemic areas. Many countries have developed control measures to eradicate the disease in an-