Treatment with single doses of antibiotics of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in women is a well-established therapeutic regimen (1,4,12,15,20). Therapeutic failures following a single-dose treatment appear to predict complicating factors such as silent pyelonephritis (14), morphologic alterations, dynamic disturbances, or microbial resistance to antibiotics (6,8,11,13).Ciprofloxacin, a new'quinolone drug which can be administered both orally and intravenously, has good antimicrobial activity against microorganisms frequently found in urinary tract infections. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a single dose of ciprofloxacin in the treatment of uncomplicated'urinary tract infection. In addition, two oral doses, 250 and 100 mg, were compared to estimate clinical and bacteriological efficacy at the lower-dosage range.Women 16 years or older attending our outpatient clinic were enrolled in the study if they presented with acute dysuria and frequent micturition of <72 h in' duration. Admission criteria included bacteriuria (>102 CFPU/ml) and pyuria (>10 leukocytes per mm3). Exclusion criteria were pregnancy, fever of >38°C, serum creatinine of >115 pumol/liter, and a history of antecedent complicated urinary tract infection (e.g., due to obstruction in the u4nary tract).Uncomplicated recurrent urinary tract infections did not lead to exclusion. A total blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, and glutamate pyruvate transaminase were determined at presentation.Midstream urine was collected after individual instruction of the patient and was cultivated quantitatively on human blood and MacConkey agar plates. Uropathogenic microorganisms were differentiated according to standard methods, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus was identified by the novobiocin method (5). A routine sensitivity test by photometric measurement of the optical density (MS-2 automated antimicrobial susceptibility testing system; Abbott Laboratories, Chicago, Ill.), as well as determinations of MICs by a micromethod (16) in Mueller-Hinton broth and a disk test on Mueller-Hinton agar for ciprofloxacin, was performed for all isolates (2). Patients received either 100 or 250 mg of ciprofloxacin orally at presentation, before any laJoratory values were available.A total of 40 women with a median age of 25.0 years (range, 18 to 61 years) entered the study, 2 of whom had to be excluded because initial culture-s were inconclusive * Corresponding author.354

An open clinical evaluation was carried out in 736 African out-patients suffering from rheumatic and inflammatory disorders to assess the efficacy and tolerability of tenoxicam in relieving the signs and symptoms of their condition. On entry, all previous treatment was discontinued and patients received a simple daily dose of 20 mg tenoxicam orally for 15 days in the case of those with rheumatoid arthritis or tendinitis, or for 30 days in those with osteoarthritis. Paracetamol was allowed as a rescue analgesic. Subjective verbal scale assessments were used to determine levels of pain at rest, on movement and at night, sleep disturbance and functional incapacity, on entry and during treatment. At the end of the study period, both physicians and patients gave an overall opinion of the clinical response to tenoxicam, and patients were asked how their current compared with their previous treatment. The results showed that approximately 90% of patients had an excellent or good response to tenoxicam with marked improvement in all the signs and symptoms evaluated. Moreover, tenoxicam proved to be well tolerated, only a small number of patients reporting adverse events, mainly gastro-intestinal.

The prevalence of HIV antibodies in various groups at risk was studied in 1,546 persons in Zürich. The prevalence was 17% (39/236) in homosexual men, 7% (13/180) in bisexual men, and 45% (14/31) and 42% (22/53) in female and male intravenous drug abusers, respectively. Heterosexual transmission appeared to be the route of infection in four seropositive persons (two women and two men) who had no homosexual contacts and were not drug abusers (4/1050).