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In order to harmonise the communication systems between the train and the railway control centres over the European territory, a GSM-R (Global System for Mobile communications-Railways) communication network is progressively deployed along the European railway network. However, the GSM-R communications on board high speed trains can be disturbed by the transient electromagnetic (EM) disturbances induced by the sliding contact between the catenary and the pantograph. In order to study the immunity of the embedded GSM-R communication system against these transient electromagnetic disturbances, the transient interferences induced on the GSM-R antennas on board trains, were characterised in terms of time and amplitude parameters. Measurement campaigns were carried out in France to collect a large number of induced EM interferences on GSM-R antennas fixed on the train roof. With the ultimate goal of generating transient noise scenarios representative of those detected by the antennas, and performing immunity tests in laboratory, statistical distributions of the characteristics (rise time, time duration, repetition rate, amplitude) of the transients are presented. This paper presents the different steps of the analysis of the transient disturbances and the generation of the transient EM scenarios.

The Global System for Mobile communications— Railways (GSM-R) is being deployed in different countries to develop an efficient communication-based train control (CBTC) system. GSM-R participates to achieve railways interoperability, replacing noninteroperable CBTC on existing networks and, thus, facilitating cross-border train circulations. GSM-R ensures voice and data transmissions between trains and control centers and also between trains. As any radio equipment, it is subject to electro- magnetic (EM) disturbances present in the railway environment. Therefore, the quality of GSM-R transmissions can deteriorate. It is then important to evaluate and predict the effect of these dis- turbances in order to avoid any loss of train operational capacity. After an overview of the methods used for the characterization of the EM environment, we describe the GSM-R and the EM distur- bances that can affect its operation. The reasons why the existing characterization methods are not fully adapted to the GSM-R are highlighted. The general principle of classification is briefly re- called. The rest of this paper develops the methodology proposed to perform the classification of transient EM noises and the pre- sentation of a test bench and its associated experimental results. Finally, an application to an add-on electromagnetic compatibility supervising equipment installed on board the train is described

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