An integrated broiler company experienced a major outbreak of pullorum disease during 1990. The outbreak resulted in the distribution of Salmonella pullorum-infected birds to more than 150 roaster flocks in five states. Twenty-two parent (multiplier) breeder flocks became infected. An epizootiological investigation uncovered a grandparent male line breeder flock as the index flock supplying males to the affected parent flocks. Transmission apparently occurred vertically through the egg and horizontally by contact in the hatcheries and by placement of chicks on contaminated litter.

work is licensed under a Creative Commons IGO 3.0 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC-IGO BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo/legalcode) and may be reproduced with attribution to the IDB and for any non-commercial purpose. No derivative work is allowed.Any dispute related to the use of the works of the IDB that cannot be settled amicably shall be submitted to arbitration pursuant to the UNCITRAL rules. The use of the IDB's name for any purpose other than for attribution, and the use of the IDB's logo shall be subject to a separate written license agreement between the IDB and the user and is not authorized as part of this CC-IGO license. Note that the link provided above includes additional terms and conditions of the licenseThe opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Inter-American Development Bank, its Board of Directors, or the countries they represent. TABLE OF CONTENTSC omplexity is the defining feature of an increasingly interconnected world. It underlies the greatest challenges facing the global community in the twentyfirst century, including climate change, the stability of markets, the availability of energy and resources, poverty, and conflict. 1 It is also the new reality in which governments must operate: more demanding citizens with greater awareness of their rights, better access to information through technology, and expectations of high-quality services; growing budgetary restrictions at a time when the demand for public services is on the rise; and a changing demographic composition, with important implications for service provision. In this context, government officials are pressed to devise innovative solutions to address these challenges.This complexity is reflected in the massive volume of data produced by citizens and agencies that governments must harness using predictive analytics to better understand citizens' needs and allocate public resources efficiently.What is predictive analytics? In a nutshell, it is the use of historical data to identify trends, which can be used to anticipate future needs. Some Latin American countries are already using this innovative practice to support more effective decision making through real-time situational awareness: Montevideo is following in the footsteps of Los Angeles, Santa Cruz, and Atlanta, using basic crime data (type, time, and place) to analyze patterns of criminal behavior and help the city's police force improve neighborhood patrolling schedules based on the identification of critical points of crime.2 The Government of Mexico has used data on electricity consumption to get near real-time forecasts (nowcast) of quarterly GDP, addressing the need for up-to-date estimates of economic activity to formulate and assess policies; 3 and Colombia is using data from Google web searches to infer economic activity at the sectoral level, providing alternative indicators to traditional statistics in a much timelier manner. 4 Des...

No abstract

School. He currently directs Data-Smart City Solutions, a project to highlight local government efforts to use new technologies that connect breakthroughs in the use of big data analytics with community input to reshape the relationship between government and citizen. He previously served as deputy mayor of New York and mayor of Indianapolis, where he earned a reputation as one of the country's leaders in public-private partnerships, competition, and privatization. Stephen was also the chief domestic policy advisor to the George W. Bush campaign in 2000, the chair of the Corporation