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ABSTRAKTulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji terjadinya kerusakan lingkungan pantai di negara tropis dan sebagian negara subtropis akibat perilaku manusia. Perilaku manusia yang menyebabkan kerusakan lingkungan adalah memanfaatkan sumberdaya alam pesisir tanpa memperhatikan keberlanjutan sumber daya alam dan daya dukung lingkungannya. Kerusakan lingkungan pantai yang umum terjadi di negara tropis dan sebagian subtropis adalah erosi pantai dan degradasi ekosistem hutan bakau. Kerusakan lingkungan pantai ini akibat alih fungsi lahan menjadi jaringan jalan, permukiman, lahan pertanian/ perkebunan, pertambakan, dan pertambangan pasir. Kerusakan lingkungan pantai mempengaruhi kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat setempat seperti hilangnya badan jalan, permukiman, lahan pertanian, dan fasilitas umum akibat abrasi pantai. Upaya penanggulangan kerusakan lingkungan pantai sebagai bagian dari adaptasi manusia mempertahankan kehidupannya berupa pembangunan pemecah gelombang (breakwaters) dan rehabilitasi ekosistem hutan bakau. Upaya penanggulangan bencana tersebut tentunya membutuhkan biaya yang besar dan waktu lama daripada upaya pencegahan. Oleh karena itu, perubahan pola pikir baik pemerintah dan masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan, mengelola dan melestarikan sumber daya alam perlu ditingkatkan melalui perbaikan informasi, ilmu pengetahuan, dan strategi perencanaan yang holistik.Kata kunci: erosi pantai, kerusakan ekosistem hutan bakau, alih fungsi lahan, pemecah gelombang, rehabilitasi ABSTRACT This paper aims to assess the coastal degradation in tropical and subtropical countries in part due to human behavior. Human behavior is causing coastal degradation is to utilize natural resources without regard to the sustainability of coastal natural resources and the carrying capacity of the environment. Degradation of coastal common in most tropical and subtropical countries are coastal erosion and degradation of mangrove ecosystems. This coastal degradation as a result of land conversion into roads, settlements, agricultural/ plantation, aquaculture, and sand mining. Coastal degradation affects the socio-economic conditions of local communities such as loss roads, settlements, land and public facilities as a result of coastal erosion. Efforts to cope to the coastal degradation as part of human adaptation to sustain life in the form of construction of breakwaters and rehabilitation of mangrove ecosystems. The disaster relief certainly require a plenty of cost and time than prevention. Therefore, changes in the mindset of both the government and the public in using, managing and conserving natural resources should be increased through improvement of information, knowledge, and holistic planning strategies.

Abstrak: Kebutuhan manusia yang mendasar salah satunya adalah tempat tinggal. Kenyataannya, tidak semua tempat tinggal layak huni (RTLH). Hal ini menjadi masalah dalam mengembangkan dan menciptakan kawasan permukiman dengan kualitas lingkungan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis: (1) identifikasi dan pemetaan RTLH; (2) kesesuaian RTLH terhadap rencana tata ruang; dan (3) penanganan rumah tidak layak huni untuk merumuskanan strategi berdasarkan kebijakan tata ruang wilayah. Penelitian dilakukan di Kota Yogyakarta berdasarkan pendekatan spasial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah RTLH di Kota Yogyakarta hingga tahun 2016 keseluruhan sebanyak 3.304 bangunan rumah, yang tersebar di 14 kecamatan atau 45 kelurahan. Sekitar 34,37% RTLH di luar zona perumahan. RTLH yang berada di kawasan lindung sebanyak 13,09 %, terdiri dari 9,42% zona ruang terbuka hijau (RTH) dan 3,67% pada zona suaka alam dan cagar budaya. RTLH sebanyak 21,28% berwujud hunian berada di areal pertanian. Penanganan RTLH dapat dilakukan dengan penertiban, relokasi, pembebasan lahan, maupun pemberian ganti rugi. Prioritas penanganan RTLH dapat dilakukan melalui lokasi RTLH yang berada pada kawasan lindung.Upaya yang dapat dilakukan dalam mengatasi permasalahan rumah yang layak huni dan permukiman kumuh adalah dengan memberikan dukungan kebijakan dan strategi atau program yang tepat, terpadu dan komprehensif.Kata kunci: Kesesuaian, Rumah tidak layak huni (RTLH), Tata ruang, Strategi.Abstract: Residence is one of the basic human rights. But, not everyone can get a place to stay that is livable. It will became a problem in developing residential areas with proper environmental quality. This research that aims to: (1) identification and mapping out where residence were un-inhabitable-UR; (2) analysis of the suitability of the UR spatial plan; and (3) analysis UR handling, to formulate strategies based on spatial policy. The study was conducted in the Yogyakarta, is based on a spatial approach. The results showed that the number of Yogyakarta's UR until 2016 is 3,304 residences, spread over 14 districts and 45 villages. Judging spatial, almost 34.37% UR are in non-residential zone. UR in non-residential zone, 13.09% are in protected areas, in the zones: 9.42% green open space, and 3.67% in the nature reserves and cultural heritage. The remaining 21.28 % UR contained in non-residential area of cultivation. UR handling can be done by way of demolition, relocation, land acquisition, as well as indemnity. UR for priority handling should be done in a protected area. Efforts that can be implemented to overcome the problems UR and slums, is to provide support for policy and program strategies appropriate, integrated and comprehensive.

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Abstract:Emerging development on the coastal region can result in coastal erosion and mangrove ecosystems damage. This disastercould eliminate settlements, agricultural land and public infrastructure. However, for mitigation of those events happened, the government has been constructing the Breakwaters andmangrove reforestation. We used survey method using quota sampling technique in 90 households. The study used a region-based approach. Measurement of socio-economic characteristics, knowledge, perception, and public participation were Chi square test and F test One-Way ANOVA. The results showed that most of samples were middle-lower socio-economy conditions (88.7%). The lower socioeconomic caused of 1) the loss of residential and agricultural land due to beach erosion; 2) types of agricultural commodities; 3) work as farmers have the certainty get higher income than as fishermen; and 4) the ability of adaptation in the new location. The high public perception was not accompanied by high levels of public participation to rehabilitate coastal ecosystems.