A fast and sensitive chromatographic RP–HPLC technique for examining tramadol hydrochloride (TRM-HCl) in tablets through using fluorescence detection (FL-D) and ultraviolet detection (UV-D) is reported in this paper. The separation was carried out using the reverse phase method on a Brownlee BIO C18 analytical column with a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% acetic acid and acetonitrile (2.5:7.5 v/v), which was pumped with an isocratic elution at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The LOD and LQD values obtained in the current study indicate that FL-D is more sensitive, and hence preferable to UV detectors in the quantification of TRM-HCl tablets over the entire concentration range used (5-125 µg/ml). The study showed that the mean percentage recoveries from five samples were 99.93-100.023% (FL-D), which is somewhat similar to that of the UV-D (99.93-100.028). In conclusion, although Fl-D is acceptable for the quantification of tramadol tablets, UV-D offers higher detection sensitivity and reproducibility, particularly within concentrations that are low in the deposit collectors.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the levels of nicotine in twenty urine samples taken from ten smokers and ten non-smokers in Libya. Each volunteer was required to complete a questionnaire before providing the urine sample. The evaluation of the nicotine concentrations was carried out by means of a simple, rapid, cost effective but reliable, one-step extraction technique-reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography which was developed and validated for this purpose. The criteria and factors taken into consideration for this evaluation and validation include the linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection, and limit of quantitation. The urine samples from the smokers presented nicotine concentrations in the range of 0.037-1.979 µg/ml, with an average of 0.663 µg/ml. The range of the nicotine concentrations in non-smokers, on the other hand, was from 0.017-1.331 g/ml, where 0.273 µg/ml is the average value. Statistical analyses show that the nicotine concentrations were very significant in the smoker samples in contrast with the nonsmoker samples