The presented study aimed to develop a cognitive stimulation package for 2-3-year-old children and examine the effectiveness of the product in facilitating children's cognitive development at home. The study consisted of six phases, namely analysis, design, prototype development, formative evaluation, implementation, and summative evaluation. The analysis phase of this study involved 147 mothers and 3 experts. The participants in the formative evaluation phase consisted of 10 mothers, while the participants in the implementation and summative evaluation stages consisted of 20 mothers. The results of the experts' and target users' assessments suggest that the cognitive stimulation package developed in this study is valid and practical. In addition, the stimulation package has also been proven effective in facilitating the cognitive development of 2-3-year-old children at home.

This study aims to examine maternal daily actions/responses given by mothers in facilitating child development at home. This study used a descriptive design involving 147 mothers as respondents who were determined through the non-probability method with purposive sampling technique. The results showed that mothers who were respondents in this study had shown a proper role in facilitating the needs of aspects of child development at home. There were sub-indicators that needed to be maximized, namely: (1) when the child would do something; (2) when child work in activities that are considered dangerous; (3) when child does something and fails; (4) activities available in the form of games; (5) child are not involved enough to do household chores; (6) limit the time children play, (7) availability of children's books in the form of stories or fables; (8) when child makes a mistake in doing something; (9) when children succeed in completing something and/or doing good deeds; (10) not talk much to child; and (11) lack of activity in reading books/telling fairy tales to children. The results of this study recommend the need for interventions to improve maternal knowledge and skills in supporting early childhood development at home.