This study aims to investigate the needs of students and lecturers in writing instructions using the process genre approach. Besides, this research is also based on facts which reveal that decision making on learning objectives is only taken from the curriculum and syllabus review used. But unfortunately, the preference of students and lecturers for learning needs is actually ignored. The method used in this study is a qualitative method using questionnaires and interviews as research instruments. The number of participants in this study was 3 Indonesian language lecturers and 65 students at the State Islamic University of Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten. The participants of the students were selected by using a purposive random sampling technique. The results showed that the need for a writing learning model design using the process genre approach. Specifically, the findings of this study include several aspects needed by students and lecturers, namely: (1) a comprehensive learning approach involving students, colleagues, and lecturers, (2) writing assessment must cover broader aspects, and (3) the need for publication as part of the writing activity. Furthermore, the syntax in the learning model based on the needs analysis is: (1) recognize the form of the text, (2) analyze the text, (3) discuss the text, (4) write the text independently, (5) finalize the text, and (6) publish the text.

The presented study aimed to develop a cognitive stimulation package for 2-3-year-old children and examine the effectiveness of the product in facilitating children's cognitive development at home. The study consisted of six phases, namely analysis, design, prototype development, formative evaluation, implementation, and summative evaluation. The analysis phase of this study involved 147 mothers and 3 experts. The participants in the formative evaluation phase consisted of 10 mothers, while the participants in the implementation and summative evaluation stages consisted of 20 mothers. The results of the experts' and target users' assessments suggest that the cognitive stimulation package developed in this study is valid and practical. In addition, the stimulation package has also been proven effective in facilitating the cognitive development of 2-3-year-old children at home.

This research is an experimental study through elaborates the Active Knowledge Sharing (AKS) learning model to improve students' High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). The low ability of students to analyze, evaluate, and create is due to the lack of application of questions that deliver students to solve problems that contain HOTS. The four stages in the AKS will serve as a reference for students’ HOTS integrated 4Cs. The sample was a student in Chemical Engineering at the State Polytechnic of Ujung Pandang. The increase in the average aspects of HOTS (analysis, evaluation, and create) in the experimental class (N-gain = 94%) higher than the control class (N-gain = 57%). In the experimental class, the average score for HOTS of students was 37.7 and there was an increase in the average score in the posttest final measurement of 96.5 or an increase of 59 points with the average high-level thinking ability of students in the very good category. This indicates that the AKS learning model is effective in increasing the ability of HOTS as well as having an impact on students' 4Cs abilities.

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The aim of this research was to collect empirical data on the need for integrating science learning at the junior high school level, to develop a multi-source-based learning model (BeBAS) in character education-oriented science learning that is valid for junior high school students, and to develop an education-oriented multi-source based learning model (BeBAS) practical and effective character in science learning for junior high school students. This project is classified as research and development (Research and Development) since it focuses on the investigation of goods in the context of a multi-source-based learning model (BeBAS) geared towards character education in science learning. The Four-D model was used in this study as the production model. This model's design process consists of four stages: describe, design, create, and disseminate. This study was carried out at SMP Negeri 1 Makassar. The result of this research will be a model book that includes: (1) the rationality of the multi-source-based learning model (BeBAS) oriented towards character education, and (2) the ideas that favor the multi-source based learning model (BeBAS) oriented towards character education. (3) guidelines for implementing a multi-source learning model based on character education (BeBAS), and (4) the components of the multi-source learning model (BeBAS) oriented towards character education and learning tools with a character education-oriented multi-source learning model (BeBAS) in the form of Student Book, Student Worksheet, Learning Implementation Plan that has gone through stages (1) expert validation, (2) revision based on validator assessments, suggestions.