Marigold is one of the most important commercially grown loose flower crops in India. It is used as loose flower or to make garlands, which are extensively used in the religious and social functions. Marigold is broadly classified into two groups, viz., African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) and French marigold (Tagetes patula L.). About 342000 ha of area is under floriculture producing 1760000 MT of loose flowers and 769000 MT of cut flowers annually (2017-18 advanced estimates). In order to sustain the growth the floriculture sector must constantly innovate to produce novel products. To meet the objective RBD and CACP tools were used for data analysis. The result shows the T7 perform better in both way i.e. growth aspects as well as economically.

Background: This study was conducted about the effectiveness of weed Dactyloctenium aegyptium. Weedsare familiar dominant, redundant, adverse and weed that contend with sophisticated crop for water, nutrient and sunlight and another several reasons such as, high growth rate, high reproductive rate and produce harmful or beneficial allelopathical effect of cultivated crops. The stems of Dactyloctenium aegyptium are willowy, geniculate and leaves are found roughly. Methods: This Investigation was done in 2018-19 to 2020-21. Different part of Dactyloctenium aegyptium as leaves and seed was taken from the near area of Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel Agriculture and Technology University Modipuram Meerut. The samples were shade dry for 24 to 48 hours and then grind in the powder form. The extract were prepare in different organic solvent as Methanol, Ethyl acetate, Butyl alcohol, Benzene and Water at 1:10 ratio. Antioxidant activity of weed extracts by three methods named DPPH FRAP and ABTS methods. Result: All part of this weed show effectiveness due to the presence of active compound, who responsible for the positive result. Extract mixed with media at a particular concentration i.e. 5%, 10% and 15% show effect on soil borne fungal phytopathogens and then over the surface of petriplate the growth was appear reduce when we increase the concentration of extract. At the end we conclude that the 15% extract concentration of both part of Dactyloctenium reduce the growth of all the soil borne fungal phytopathogens.

The share of agriculture in gross domestic product has registered a steady decline from 36.4 per cent in 1982-83 to 20 per cent in March 2020-2021. Yet this sector continues to more than half a billion people providing employment to 52 per cent of the workforce. In the western Uttar Pradesh two cropping systems mainly Rice-wheat and sugarcane-wheat covers a larger area under production system. In Combined, both these cropping systems add up around to 12 million hectare area but the major part falls under North-West India. A sample of 80 famers who have livestock were selected for sample collection. For analysis the data Average weighted mean and CACP cost concept were used for calculation of economics of farming systems.There for the net return per hectare in small, medium and large category was Rs. 174390.40, 161003.60 and 152396.80 respectively. It was also observed the net return was higher in Sugarcane-Wheat cropping system than the Rice-Wheat cropping system.

The field experiment was conducted during two consecutive years 2016-17 and 2017-18 to find out the influence of weed management practices and dates of transplanting on weed, fruit yield and profitability of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) at Vegetable Research Farm of Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agricultural and Technology, Kanpur. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design (FRBD) with four different dates of transplanting, viz. 15 October, 31 October, 15 November and 30 November and four type of mulches, viz. black polyethylene, white polyethylene, bio-mulch (paddy straw) and control (without mulch) replicated thrice. Tomato cultivar Azad T-6 was used in experiment. Results of the experiment revealed that the minimum weed population (4.43 and 4.26/m2) and weeds fresh weight (9.52 and 9.15 g/m2) and significantly highest marketable yield (30610 and 31418 kg/ha) and net returns (` 241460.50 and 249538.00/ha) were recorded in crop transplanted on 30 October. In case of mulching, application of bio-mulch (paddy straw) recorded minimum weed population (4.88 and 4.76/m2) and weeds fresh weight (10.48 and 10.28 g/m2) and significantly highest marketable yield (29569 and 30354 kg/ha) and net returns (` 231050.50 and 238905.50/ha). Transplanting on 30 October and application of bio-mulch (paddy straw) proved to be the best treatment combination for effective weed management and enhancing productivity and profitability of tomato. Therefore, this practice may be recommended to exploit the better economic yield of tomato under central plain zone of Uttar Pradesh.

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