Universal screening for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), detects more cases and improves maternal and offspring prognosis. Of all the screening tests, World Health Organization (WHO) procedure is simple and cost effective; the only disadvantage is that the pregnant woman has to come in the fasting state to undergo oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Hence, we undertook a study to elucidate a test that is casual and reliable to diagnose GDM. A total of 800 pregnant women underwent 75-g glucose challenge test (GCT) irrespective of the time of the last meal and their 2-h plasma glucose (PG) was estimated. They also underwent a 2-h 75-g OGTT recommended by WHO after 72 h. There was no statistically significant difference in the glycemic profile between GCT and WHO OGTT in the diagnosis of GDM. In conclusion, GCT performed irrespective of the last meal timing is a patient-friendly approach and causes least disturbance in the pregnant woman's routine activities.

A randomized, open-label, parallel study was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of premixed insulin aspart 30 (biphasic insulin aspart [BIAsp] 30) in managing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A total of 323 women with GDM registered at a single center in India were randomly assigned to receive 6 U of either BIAsp 30 (Group A) or premixed human insulin (biphasic human insulin [BHI] 30; Group B) in a 1:1 ratio. Subjects performed home glucose monitoring and visited their care provider twice a month. The primary outcome was the degree of neonatal macrosomia (neonatal birth weight >90th percentile). Groups A and B were demographically comparable at study entry. Before labor onset, Groups A and B achieved similar degrees of fasting plasma glucose and postprandial plasma glucose control (92.97 ± 14.44 vs. 95.43 ± 18.96 and 127.59 ± 28.99 vs. 126.98 ± 29.89, respectively; both p = NS). Neonatal macrosomia frequency was 6.3% in Group A and 6.9% in Group B; however, this difference was not statistically significant. By last visit, the required insulin dose was significantly lower for Group A than Group B (19.83 ± 15.75 IU vs. 26.34 ± 23.15 IU, respectively; p = 0.006). BIAsp 30 was noninferior to BHI 30, producing comparable fetal outcomes when administered during pregnancy. Based on final doses, BIAsp 30 may offer greater treat-to-target potential for pregnant women.

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Introduction: Screening of pregnant women for hypothyroidism during the pregnancy to detect hypothyroidism and prevent congenital hypothyroidism during pregnancy. Screening is defined as the application of a test to detect a potential disease or condition in a person who has no known signs or symptoms of that condition at the time the test is done. The presence of the condition, however, should have proven adverse effects which can be prevented by early detection and treatment. Materials and Methods: This is a observational study for a period of one year from October 2017 to October 2018 wherein a number of pregnant women were screened for hypothyroidism during Pregnancy by using TSH levels as a criteria. Results:1. Most of the women (61.5%), had made their first visit to the tertiary hospital after their 24 weeks of gestation and 19.8% of them had their TSH level between 5 and 9.99 mIU/dL. 2. Majority of women (87%) had term deliveries irrespective of their hypothyroid level. 3. About 54% of deliveries were LSCS and one was spontaneous expulsion. Conclusion:The study clearly showed that maternal outcome operative surgery (LSCS) was statistically significant. All the three TSH sub groups LSCS was done as upto4.99 group as 32.3%, 5 to 9.99 group as 18.7% and 10 and above group as 3.1% Like GDM screening, Gestational Thyroid Dysfunction (GTD) screening among Antenatal Women in the First trimester registration should be made compulsory in all Hospitals by Government. This will lead to early and effective treatment of thyroid disorders that ensures safe pregnancy with minimal maternal and fetal complications and also lesser operative surgery, which leads to lot of complications to women.

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