Abstract. Kadir A, Suharno, Reawaruw Y, Komari, Mahuze A. 2021. Ethnobotanical knowledge of Marind-Anim Tribe in utilizing sago (Metroxylon sagu) in Merauke, Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 264-272. Sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) is one of the biological resources utilized by several communities, mainly in New Guinea and Moluccas region. In Papua (Indonesia New Guinea), sago is a source of food and is also used for the living needs of local people for generations. This study aims to explore the ethnobotanical knowledge regarding the utilization of sago by the Marind–Anim tribe in Merauke, Papua, Indonesia based on local wisdom. Data were collected using survey method and the analysis was done using qualitative approach. The research was conducted in 7 villages representing 6 sub-districts (Merauke, Sota, Tanah Merah, Kurik, Animha, Marind) in Merauke District. The results show that sago is an important resource for the Marind-Anim community to fulfill a wide range of needs from foods, building materials, and cultural activities. Each sub-tribe has a different perspective in grouping sago based on local knowledge. The difference is based on an understanding of the size of the tree trunk, the absence of thorns on the leaves, the height of the plant, the shape and size of the leaves, and the color of the stems/leaves. Based on local knowledge, there are at least five clusters of sago in the Merauke area across the villages surveyed. In Merauke, sago is processed into a traditional food called Sep, which is different from the people in the northern region of Papua, who process it into Papeda. In addition to Sago Sep, the community also knows other types of sago processing, namely Sago Ebayak, Sago Kwetahuk, and Sago Sinoli. The community has conducted conservation efforts based on local knowledge in Sar, Quality Sar, and selective cutting. The goal of such efforts is to maintain the sustainability of sago in meeting the needs for foods.

Abstract. Lahallo W, Tanjung RHR, Suharno, Sujarta P. 2022. Diversity, composition and important tree species for Cenderawasih bird activities in Rhepang Muaif ecotourism forest, Jayapura, Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 742-749. Trees, the major component of a forest, affect the interaction between flora and fauna contained in the forest. Among them, birds are the group of fauna that are highly dependent on trees in the forest. The inter-relationship between birds and trees is particularly important in forests utilized for bird-watching ecotourism and endemic birds such as Birds of Paradise, or locally named Cenderawasih. This study aimed to determine the diversity and floristic composition of tree species in the Rhepang Muaif ecotourism forest, Jayapura District, Papua and identify important tree species that support the activities Cenderawasih birds. A survey was employed using a line-transect method to record species diversity and vegetation structure of trees diameter> 20 cm. A total of 62 observation plots were established, representing around 51 hectares of ecotourism forest, with each plot measuring 20 x 20 m. The findings revealed that there were around 63 tree species belonging to 23 different families recorded in the observation plots. Based on the stand structure, it can be stated that the ecotourism forest in Rhepang Muaif was a secondary forest with a density of roughly 20 trees per hectare (diameter > 20 cm). Species with the highest Important Value Index were Intsia bijuga, Areca sp., Syzygium versteegii, and Pometia pinnata. Important tree species used for the activities of Cenderawasih birds included I. bijuga (perching, chirping), P. pinnata (playing), Teijsmanniodendron hollrungii (perching, chirping), P. pinnata (eating, perching) and Macaranga sp (playing). Macaranga sp., F. benjamina, and T. hollrungii had a limited population whereas I. bijuga, and P. pinnata were more abundant. Our study implies that to ensure the survival of Cenderawasih birds in the ecotourism areas, the carrying capacity of tree species for bird activities must be maintained so that these birds do not migrate to other locations.