Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & Perry is a spice that has been used traditionally for centuries to preserve food and treat for a number of ailments. This research was carried out to analyze phytochemicals and to determine antidiabetic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of 95 % ethanol flower extract from S. aromaticum (FESA). The GC-MS analysis demonstrated the presence of 17 bioactive compounds in FESA, with eugenol (56.17 %) the most active compound. Antidiabetic activity study revealed that the inhibitory activity of the FESA against α-glucosidase enzyme was stronger than the activity of Acarbose, an antidiabetic drug. In addition, the FESA exhibited potent antioxidant activity by inhibiting 2, 2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazylhydrate (DPPH) free radicals higher than butylated hydroxyltoluene (BHT), a synthetic antioxidant. Furthermore, the FESA potentially inhibited the nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells but less effective than Diclofenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. The activities of FESA are partly due to the presence of active compounds. The results obtained confirm the antidiabetic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and the traditional used of S. aromaticum for the treatment of diabetes and oxidative and inflammatory-related diseases. HIGHLIGHTS The most predominant bioactive compound in FESA is eugenol (56.17 %), analyzed by GC-MS FESA inhibits α-glucosidase activity significantly higher than acarbose, an antidiabetic drug. The FESA is therefore helpful to delay or possibly prevent the development of the diabetic complication The FESA exhibits DPPH radical scavenging activity is more potent than BHT, an antioxidant compound The FESA can provide a novel natural anti- inflammatory agent resource, as evidenced by the inhibitory effect of FESA on nitric oxide (NO) production GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej of Thailand has conceived and developed a new philosophy to improve the lives of the Thai people and bring them a genuine and lasting happiness. This new philosophy is called "sufficiency economy" or "sufficiency economy philosophy". This research has the objective to create and develop innovation Khok-kham bio-fertilizer for aimed to community development by inoculants Trichoderma, Mucor and Bacillus based on sufficiency economy philosophy. Khok-kham community in Samut Sakhon province and Khanom community in Nakhon Si Thammarat province were selected for studying the efficiency of innovation Khok-kham bio-fertilizer. Nutrient analysis of innovation Khok-kham bio-fertilizer indicates high macronutrients of Nitrogen, Potassium and Phosphorus with the 84.33% of average value. The planting mangrove tree remove heavy metals such as Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd) and Copper (Cu) in soil with the average value of 98.6%. Moreover, it can help speed up 4 times of mangrove tree rate when compared to control case. This can also be applied for recovering mangrove forest area in the condition of limits of times. Innovation Khok-kham bio-fertilizer, can increase rice productivity, reduce costs of 5-6 times and improve soils acid. In summary, innovation Khok-kham bio-fertilizer is very useful for planting mangrove, increasing the productive of organic rice, vegetable and restoring mangrove forest area so that the community is developed based on sufficiency economy philosophy.

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