Ovarian carcinoma is the common cause of most death cases in female genital malignancy. Ovarian carcinoma is considered as one of the carcinomas that can evoke immune responses. One of the immune responses is characterized by lymphocyte infiltration of a tumor (tumor infiltrating lymphocytes). This study aims to determine the association of density of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) with CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and histopathologic subtypes of ovarian carcinoma. This study was a cross-sectional study. Samples were taken based on five main histopathologic subtypes of ovarian carcinoma from January 1, 2015, until December 31, 2017, comprising 50 cases. All preparations were stained with CD8 monoclonal antibody. The density of intratumoral and stromal TILs was subsequently evaluated on histopathologic preparations and immunohistochemical examination. The association between the density of TILs, CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and histopathologic subtypes of ovarian carcinoma was evaluated using Spearman, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney test. The density of TILs and intratumoral CD8+ TILs were associated with histopathologic subtypes, especially high-grade serous carcinoma that had a different density value compared to other histopathologic subtypes. In addition, the density of TIL and intratumoral CD8+ TIL had a meaningful association with histopathologic subtypes of ovarian carcinoma.

A B S T R A C TNeuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) of gastric is a term that includes all tumour types withneuroendocrine differentiation of gastric, well differentiated or poorly differentiatedtumour. NEN is a new term in 2019 World Health Organization (WHO) classification ofdigestive system tumours. In WHO 2019 had many updates, one of them isneuroendocrine tumours (NET) grade 3 have been included in tumour category of welldifferentiated tumour or NET. Previously, NET G3 in WHO 2010 are included as poorlydifferentiated tumour or neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC). This neoplasm is geneticallywell differentiated and because of that, WHO 2019 classification included them as a welldifferentiated tumour. For NEC, WHO 2019 subdivided them as NEC with small cells(SCNEC) and NEC with large cells (LCNEC). In WHO 2010, mixed type neuroendocrineneoplasms with other components of carcinoma are called mixed adenoneuroendocrinecarcinoma (MANEC). But, not all of non-neuroendocrine components areadenocarcinoma and it is possible that one of the components in not carcinoma. Becauseof that, in WHO 2019 the term has been changed to mixed neuroendocrine-nonneuroendocrine neoplasm (MiNEN).

BackgroundGastrointestinal stromal tumors are the most common mesenchymal tumors in the gastrointestinal tract. Based on tumor size andmitotic index, WHO classified GIST into three prognostic groups which were benign, uncertain malignant potential, and malignant.Some studies revealed that there was variation in association between age, gender, tumor location, histopathologic type and prognosisof GIST patients. This study aimed to identify and analyze the association between clinicopathologic characteristics and WHOprognostic group in GIST patients at RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang.MethodsThis study used 30 medical records of GIST patients during 01 January 2014 to 27 December 2018 in the Department of AnatomicPathology RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin. Clinicopathologic characteristics and WHO prognostic group data were collected. Theassociation between clinicopathologic characteristics (age, gender, tumor location, histopathologic type) and WHO prognostic groupwere analyzed by chi-square test.ResultsFrom 30 subjects, 40% of the patients aged 52-58 years.There was no gender predilection. A total of 33.3% of the GISTs were locatedin the small intestine. Majority of histopathologic type was spindle cell type (93.3%). Bivariate analysis showed there were no significantassociation between clinicopathologic characteristics: age (p=0.811), gender (p=0.682), tumor location (p=1.000), histopathologic type(p=0.469) and WHO prognostic group.ConclusionThere was no significant association between clinicopathologic characteristics and WHO prognostic group in GIST patients at RSUPDr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. We suggest doing a cohort study about association between clinicopathologic characteristics andsurvival rate in GIST patients.

COVID-19 adalah penyakit sistemik akibat virus SARS-CoV-2. Penyebab utama kematian pasien COVID-19 adalah jejas paru akibat ARDS. Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) adalah pola histopatologi utama yang ditemukan pada autopsi organ paru COVID-19. DAD terbagi menjadi 3 fase bergantung pada waktu kapan biopsi dikerjakan selama perjalanan penyakit. Fase akut/eksudatif terjadi selama minggu pertama sejak dimulainya jejas paru yang diikuti fase subakut/organizing dan beberapa kasus DAD masuk ke fase kronis/fibrotik. Gambaran histologi lain yaitu berupa jejas vaskuler paru berupa trombus dan mikrotrombus, inflamasi vaskuler, serta reaksi endotel.

Background. Colorectal cancer is the third commonest malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death in the world. 5-Fluorouracyl-based chemotherapy is the primary treatment modality for colorectal cancer. Cancer stem cells are known to be responsible for chemotherapy resistance. Lgr5 is a colorectal cancer stem cell marker that is the target gene for Wnt signaling. Lgr5 potentiates the Wnt signaling pathway through inhibition of a regulator that inhibits Wnt signaling. Lgr5 overexpression is associated with a worse prognosis and chemotherapy resistance. This study was aimed to investigate the correlation between Lgr5 expression and 5-FU-based chemotherapy response in stage IV colorectal cancer patients at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang.Methods. This study used a correlative analysis study with a retrospective design using secondary data from medical records and paraffin blocks of stage IV colorectal cancer patients who received 5-FU-based chemotherapy from September 2018 to September 2020. The number of samples was 30 subjects consisting of 22 cases of negative responses and eight positive responses. All samples were stained with Lgr5 immunohistochemistry. Data analysis used the contingency coefficient correlation test.Results. Of the 30 research subjects, 20 subjects (66.7%) had high Lgr5 expression and ten subjects (33.3%) with low Lgr5 expression. Correlation analysis using the contingency coefficient test showed a weak correlation between Lgr5 expression and 5-FU based chemotherapy response with a positive direction, which means the higher the Lgr5 expression, the less response to chemotherapy.Conclusion. There is a weak correlation between Lgr5 expression and 5-FU based chemotherapy response in stage IV colorectal cancer patients at dr.Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang.