Background: Identification of human remains in medico-legal situation contribution of forensic anthropology is imperative. Forensic anthropology deals with identification of age, sex and ethnicity. Apart from that estimation of stature is found to be one of the major parameters of forensic anthropology, is an essential element of medico-legal investigations when identifications of unknown dismembered remains are involved. The publication regarding estimation of statute seems to be scanty from Eastern India and specially from North East India.Aim: The present study was conducted with an aim to estimate stature from 2D, 4D, Bi-acromian length and Bi-illiac length of adult age matched females belonging to Bengalee Hindu Caste Population from Eastern India and one of the ethnic groups (Chakmas) of North East India (Tripura). Materials and methods:To achieve the purpose, the participants of the present study were comprised of 100 Chakma females and 100 Bengalee females of 25 to 35 years age ranges. Prior to the study verbal consent were obtained from the participants. The ring finger is the fourth digit (4D) of the human hand and the second most ulnar finger located between the middle finger and the little finger while the index finger is the second digit (2D), located between the thumb and the middle finger and usually the most dexterous and sensitive finger of the hand were measured using standard method. Along with digit measurements, stature was obtained using standard technique. Obtained data were doubly checked and analyzed using the SPSS (Version-16.0). Descriptive and inferential statistics were done in appropriate places and cut off was set as p=0.05. Results:Distributions of the anthropometric variables including 2D and 4D demonstrated significant (p<0.05) between the age matched Bengalee and the Chakma females for all the characteristics. Examination of estimation of stature using multiplication factors revealed least mean value for the bi-illiac length while, the highest being the mean value for 2D among both the population. However, the comparison between the population the mean multiplication factors for estimation of stature, the length of 2D, 4D and Bi-illac length demonstrated significant (p<0.05) difference between the two population groups. So far the forensic issues concern regarding the stature estimation by multiplication factors, the best predictors were Bi-illica length followed by Bi-acromian length for both the studied populations. The correlation analysis demonstrated most of the measurements demonstrated significant (p<0.05) positive correlation with stature except bi-acromian and bi-illiac among the Bengalee females and Chakma females respectively. Conclusion:The study concludes that stature estimation from 2D and 4D lengths along with bi-acromian and bi-illiac lengths could be utilized for specific population group.

Background: Skin pigmentation is one of the most variable phenotypic traits and most noticeable of human polymorphisms. Skin pigmentation in humans is largely determined by the quantity and distribution of the pigment melanin. The literature review on skin color variation revealed a few works on skin pigmentation variation has been conducted in India from Southern, Western and Northern part. Aims and Objectives: To best of the knowledge, the present discourse is the first attempt to understand skin color variation from Eastern and North Eastern part of India among three populations. Materials and Methods: The present study consisted of 312 participants from Chakma and Tripuri groups of Tripura, North East India, and participants from Bengalee Hindu caste population from West Bengal. Skin color was measured by Konica Minolta CR-10 spectrophotometer which measures and quantifies the colors with a 3D color space (CIELAB) color space created by 3 axes. All the skin color measurements from each participant were taken from unexposed (underarm) left and right to get a mean and exposed (forehead) to sunlight. Results: The distribution of skin color variation among the three populations demonstrated significant (p<0.05) difference in lightness for unexposed and exposed indicating lightness in unexposed area. Furthermore, the present study revealed significant difference (p<0.05) in skin color among the ethnic groups across the body location and all three attributes (lightness, redness and yellowness). Conclusion: Generally, skin color variation may be elucidated by two main factors: individual differences in lightness and yellowness and by and large due to ethnicity, where diversity in redness is due to primarily due to different body locations. Variation in lightness have more characteristic probability. The present study first time reports the wide range of quantitative skin color variation among the three ethnic groups from Eastern and North East India and highest yellowness (b*) among the population from North East India.

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