urine, gateway tests for Vitamin C deficiency, calcium status, adrenal stress, bio-impedance assessment and heart rate variability). Supplements were to be taken on an empty stomach. Subsequently their urine samples were tested for MDA levels again.The length of period was determined by the following factors: •When a client started the protocol. A patient may do the test on day 1 and only start the protocol after day 10.We could only measure them at the subsequent visit.• Some clients visited our clinic from abroad. So their subsequent visits could be a few months apart.So we have two test points and we can measure the changes demonstrated by these products in between. Typically clients are asked to follow their blood type diet, take digestive enzymes and probiotics as well as take anti-oxidant products.The testing vial is a one-use vial [65]. The kit comes with a urine cup, the testing vial, a pipette to add urine to the vial, and specific directions. Ideally the test should be done before eating or drinking in the morning using 1st morning's urine. The results of the reading are on a scale from 0 to 5 (with 0 being the absence of MDA and 5 being the highest level of MDA) (Figure 1).

This paper reviews the literature regarding the correlations between homoeostatic reserves and mortality for cancer. We will review the literature about the use of bio-impedance assessment (BIA) and heart rate variability (HRV) to assess homoeostatic reserves. We know that in the different stages of cancer the functional reserves change significantly. During the treatment and after the treatment of cancer the level of the homoeostatic reserve is a measure of morbidity and mortality. One way of measuring the functional reserves of the body is by using the bio-impedance assessment (BIA) and heart rate variability (HRV) assessment. Both the bio-impedance assessment and heart rate variability assessment are independent markers for homoeostatic reserves. For BIA the key marker appears to be the phase angle (PhA). For HRV the key marker appears to be the balance of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)

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