Agricultural degradation areas are increasing worldwide. From them, 56% due to water erosion, 28% due to wind erosion, 12% due to soil nutrient depletion, salinization, pollution processes, and 4% due to densification, swamping, and subsidence processes. As a result of such negative processes and the existence of the water shortage problem in 80 countries of the world, 7 million hectares of arable land are withdrawn from agricultural use every year, and the problem of food security is arising in the world. In this article, the results of scientific research and cost-effectiveness calculations on 3 different slopes of cultivated fields on soils prone to irrigation erosion are written. In Uzbekistan, great attention is paid to solving the problems of improving land reclamation and increasing the productivity of irrigated lands. In the Action Strategy for the further development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2017-2021, it is stated that “... further improvement of the reclamation condition of irrigated lands, development of the network of reclamation and irrigation facilities, wide introduction of intensive methods of agricultural production, first of all, modern water and resource-saving agrotechnologies, highly productive tasks on the use of agricultural machinery” are defined. It is necessary to develop new technologies for effective methods of increasing the productivity of lands prone to irrigation erosion in order to implement part of the specified tasks.

In this paper, the approach to reduce the risk of irrigation erosion in the irrigated areas where ‘Andijan 37’ and ‘Namangan 77’ varieties of cotton were sowed, in which the topsoil is formed by typical gray soils and which are vulnerable to erosion, was validated. In cotton irrigation, while watering with a device with a 15 mm of irrigation hollow, the cotton water-demand was improved and an optimal and favorable condition to uptake the potential moisture and nutrient for cotton breeding was created. This enabled to harvest 3.6 quintals more cotton yield per ha in contrast to the usual condition, to gain the net profit accounted for 700,309 sums per ha, and to improve the profitability by 38%.

Syrdarya region of the Republic of Uzbekistan mainly grows cotton, winter wheat, rice, corn, oats, and barley. Each type of plant requires a certain amount of moisture, nutrients, temperature, solar energy, and other factors. Although the plants listed above are resistant to a certain level of mineralized water resources, improper use of ditch water will worsen the reclamation condition of the soil. Therefore, the study and modeling of the impact of irrigated water quality on productivity are one of the pressing issues. To parameterize the CropSyst model, the plant under study is grown under stressless conditions, and all the observed parameters are included in this model. For example, it requires regular and timely irrigation, proper care, adequate fertilizer application, soil reclamation management, and phenological observations during each growing season. In the next validation phase, the selected replanting mung bean is grown under altered conditions, such as changing the irrigation regime or applying different amounts of fertilizer. These modified parameters are entered into the model and constructed by comparing the results shown in the model with the results obtained in practice. If the results shown in the model are the same as the results obtained from the field experiment, then this model is considered to be correctly parameterized. In the application section, we will again test the model and recommend it to farmers for use.

The proposed methodological recommendation on the ground support of remote methods for assessing salinization of soil in reclaimed lands is devoted to the operational monitoring of salinity of reclaimed lands. The assessment and forecasting of cotton yield in the Hungry Steppe and the lower reaches of the Amu Darya, by direct signs of determining salinity at farms, a separate irrigated plot, based on remote information (aerial and space photography - APS and KFS). The task of the under investigations study is visual assessment of soil salinity level by indirect signs: condition of crops, fall of plants, salt bloom, etc. The results of the established check are recorded in the field journal. Salinity map with salinity contours; slightly saline, moderately saline and strongly saline soils are created based on the studied research materials. Number and location of the main sites for determination of soil salinity features are determined on the basis of analysis of the research materials determined with involvement of other available materials on the soil cover characteristics. Classification of soils according to the degree of salinity is carried out according to the formula WP = PVU + VJp; WP = 51.42 - 96.28 Jp ± 1.12 g ha-1. It is presented in Table 2 for Amu-Darya lower reaches (Khorezm province and the Republic of Karakalpakstan), where + Y - yield calculation; PVU - maximum yield. This program is designed for use in the educational process during practical lessons on agricultural reclamation directions.