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Aims- To study biometric corelation in ametropic paediatric patient. Material and method- it is a prospective observational study was conducted in 644 eyes of 322 patients, who were presented with refractive error in tertiary centre from a period of January 2018 to June 2019 in central India. They were included after taking consent from guardians. To rule out anterior segment pathology, slit lamp examination was carried out and best corrected visual acuity is recorded. Auto-refractometry and retinoscopy was performed to know refractive status of eye. Keratometry, a scan, pachymetry also done. All procedures and investigation were done by the same surgeon. Result-A highly signicant association of refractive status with subjective correction, K Max, K Min, pachymetry and axial length was scrutinized (p<0.05) The corneal curvature was positively correlated with axial length whereas the negative correlation was observed between corneal curvature and central corneal thickness. Conclusion- These biometric ndings have crucial implication in refractive surgeries, also useful for tting contact lenses and assessing, diagnosing as well as managing other abnormal corneal conditions.

Objective: To study the clinical profile & visual outcome of ocular chemical injuries. Material & Method: The cases of ocular chemical injury were included in the study. Detailed history of the patients was taken pertaining to the injury. The ocular examination was performed visual acuity was recorded by using Snellen's test type Chart. A thorough examination was carried out on slit-lamp, direct & indirect ophthalmoscope. Clinical grading was done by Roper Hall Classification. Other ocular investigations were done when required. Results: The present study included 64 eyes of 54 patients, of which 80% (43) were male and 20% (11) females. The mean age was 22 ±13 yrs. higher prevalence 66% of chemical ocular injury was seen in lower socioeconomic group. Alkali injuries (66%) were more common than acid injuries (34%). Calcium carbonate (lime) 31% was the most common etiological agent. Most chemical injuries were unilateral 81% Maximum no. of patients belongs to grade I (48%) and minimum in grade IV (8%). In grade I chemical injury, most patients were presented with visual acuity better than 6/12. The final visual acuity is dependent on the initial grading and vision, higher the grade lesser are the chances of significant visual improvement. Conclusion: Presenting visual acuity is an important prognostic factor. Lower grades of injury had better final visual outcome. Grade III and grade IV alkali injuries are more severe injuries than acids.

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Background: Optic nerve injuries occur in the setting of head injury which is often a consequence of road traffic accidents or falls. Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) is a potentially blinding complication of head and orbital trauma. Different treatment approaches like different dosages of steroids, surgical decompression and observation alone have been suggested but there is no standardized protocol till date. Object: To study the clinical profile, risk factors, visual outcome in a series of forty five patients of Traumatic Optic Neuropathy (TON) after medical management at our tertiary centre. Methods: Forty five patients reported to outpatient department from January 2018 to June 2019 who have a history of trauma were studied prospectively. After relevant and detailed ocular examination, Intravenous methyl prednisolone 1 gram for 5days and thenoral prednisolone 1 mg/kg in tapering doses for two weeks was administered in all patients irrespective of duration of presentation to the hospital after trauma. Results: The age group involved was predominantly 16 to 45years (80%) with a mean age of 35.31 years. Range of follow up was seen from 5days to 5 months. Males (91%) were outnumbered. Road traffic accidents (73.33%) were found to be the most common cause for TON in our series. Of 45, 10 patients were lost to follow up, rest 35 patients who have been followed steroid regime, 18 (51.43%) showed visual improvement (12 patients had >/=2 line improvement, rest 06 patient had one line improvement). 17(48.57%) patients did not show any improvement. 08 patients were same (no perception of light) till the final follow up. Conclusion: IV methyl prednisolone along with oral steroids as proposed by ONTT has been found effective in our case series of TON even in patients who have very low initial visualacuity and who presented late even after 24 hours of injury till the irreversible damage to optic nerve.No major side effects have been encountered with this steroid regimen. High dose steroid has proven its role in traumatic optic neuropathy.