Infection is caused in the human body due to the invasion of pathogenic microbes, their multiplication, and production of toxins. The ESKAPE pathogen comprises a group of six bacterial pathogens, namely Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp. These pathogens are associated with the emerging cases of antimicrobial resistance to commonly used antibiotics such as penicillin, vancomycin, etc. Most of these pathogens are multidrug resistant, which is among the major threats to human health at present. The developing resistance to existing antibiotics imposes a burden on modern science to exercise the mechanism behind this and also the identification of novel targets to combat antimicrobial resistance. This chapter describes briefly about the mechanism of development of antimicrobial resistance and some herbal medications that can be used to combat the same. It also describes some of the traditional preventives that can be practiced to deal with infections.
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