Multidimensional scaling techniques (MDS) were used to examine the learning outcomes associated with J. L. Holland's Self-Directed Search (SDS; J. L. Holland, 1990). One hundred forty-six participants were randomly assigned to 3 conditions: the SDS, an attentional control, and a no treatment control. Based on the speculations of J. L. Holland, T. M. Magoon, and A. R. Spokane (1981), we hypothesized that participants who had completed the SDS would acquire Holland's complete RIASEC organizing scheme. No evidence of Holland's 2-dimensional RIASEC configuration was found for any of the groups. Examination of the 3-dimensional MDS solutions, however, suggested the presence of a prestige dimension and supported Holland's scheme as represented by D. J. Prediger's (1981) Things-People and Data-Ideas constructs.The view that available career interventions achieve positive results remains unchallenged among vocational researchers (e.g.,

The review offered by Fouad et al. (2023) provides a critical mirror on the literature on women and career development.  In this reaction paper, I discuss three of the critical questions that are raised:  Why aren’t we “there” yet? What has this quarter of a century of study added to our knowledge? What do we still need to know?

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