Dengue is the most common arthropod-borne sickness worldwide, impacting at least 50 million people each year. The dengue virus has four primary serotypes. Infection with one serotype confers homotypic immunity but not heterologous immunity, and secondary infections may be more severe. Although blood transfusions and organ donations have also been observed, the Aedes aegypti mosquito is the primary vector for the transmission of dengue. The infection causes a continuum of clinical illnesses, from asymptomatic infection to dengue fever, DHF, and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). To assess the presence of anti DENV IgG and anti DENV IgM antibodies specific to the four dengue serotypes in blood donor service donors and the importance of pre-donation screening in routine blood collection procedures.

Background: Dengue is the most common arthropod-borne sickness worldwide, impacting at least 50 million people each year. The dengue virus has four primary serotypes. Infection with one serotype confers homotypic immunity but not heterologous immunity, and secondary infections may be more severe. Although blood transfusions and organ donations have also been observed, the Aedes aegypti mosquito is the primary vector for the transmission of dengue. Infection causes a continuum of clinical illness, from asymptomatic infection to dengue fever, DHF, and dengue shock syndrome (DSS).Aim: To assess the presence of anti DENV IgG and anti DENV IgM antibodies specific to the four dengue serotypes in blood donor service donors and the importance of pre-donation screening in routine blood collection procedures.Method: 3 mL of peripheral venous blood from 507 blood donors was collected in tubes with BD vacutainer gel tube for serum separation after epidemiological records were reviewed. After that, serum was separated and tests were performed by SD Bioline Dengue Duo. Participants in the study completed a social and epidemiological questionnaire that contained information such as age, gender, and dengue diagnosis.Result: Out of the 507 blood samples that were taken, 473 (93.3%) came from male blood donors, while the remaining 34 (6.7%) belonged to female blood donors. The ratio of males to females is 13.91 to 1. The age range is 18–60 years, and the mean and standard deviation are both 27.7 and 6.5. 183 of the 507 samples produced anti DENV IgG positivity, while 324 did not. The ratio of positive to negative was 1.25:2.Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, quantitative methods for determining the presence of anti-dengue antibodies or detecting the dengue virus in blood donors in endemic areas should be devised in order to ensure the quality of blood transfusions.

The Rhesus blood group system is one of the most polymorphic and highly immunogenic systems in humans. Because of its high and strong immunogenicity Rh D antigen testing is mandatory before issuing a compatible blood. There are five major antigens i.e. DCEce in the Rhesus (Rh) blood group system. On the other hand from the immunogenicity point of view Kell antigen is next to the Rh system. Both of them may cause severe hemolytic transfusion reaction and hemolytic disease of fetus and new born. Exposure of Rhesus negative individuals to Rhesus positive blood through transfusion or pregnancy is most likely to stimulate production of Rhesus antibodies. These antibodies may cause Hemolytic Disease of Fetus and Newborn (HDFN) and Delayed Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (DHTR). Like Rhesus antibodies, Kell antibodies may also cause HDFN and DHTR. So far we know, there is not enough study regarding antigens C, c, E & e of Rh or K, k antigen of Kell blood group system regarding these antigens in the donors in Bangladesh, thereby exposing transfused patients to these antigens negative patients. To determine the phenotype prevalence of the Rh and Kell blood group systems in the blood donors in Bangladesh, a descriptive cross sectional study was done in the laboratory of Department of Transfusion Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, during the period of 1st January 2020 to 31 December 2020. Rhesus Phenotype CCDee is highest (48.4%) & CCDEe & ccDEE both are lowest (0.4%). Most probable Rhesus Genotype CDe/CDe (R1R1) is highest (48.4%) and CDe/CDE (R1Rz) & cDE/cDE (R2R2) both are lowest (0.4%). Kell Genotype kk is highest (99.2%) and Kk is lowest (0.8%). BSMMU J 2021; 14(3): 38-42

Steam, dry heat, radiation, ethylene oxide gas, evaporated hydrogen peroxide, and many other sterilization methods are used to sanitize medical equipment (e.g., chlorine dioxide gas, nitrogen dioxide, and vaporized peracetic acid). The benefits of ethylene oxide (EO) are its great processing capabilities, high ionic conductivity, high flexibility, low cost, and exceptional adhesive qualities. Patients on hemodialysis, those undergoing extracorporeal photopheresis, and plasmapheresis donors have all reported allergic reactions to EO. Differentiating between IgE-mediated anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid reactions is often impossible in practice due to the wide range of clinical symptoms. The infrequency of EO reactions coupled with healthcare personnel's lack of familiarity with this clinical phenomenon may result in their underdiagnosis. We describe the case of a platelet donor who developed an allergy, while donating at a transfusion facility, due to an ethylene oxide-sterilized apheretic kit. We aim to draw attention to the fact that care should be given while handling cases of this nature as they can become life-threatening.