Nowadays, memes are used as funny yet effective approach to send the messages for people. The growth of internet and digital media in recent years make memes easier to spread around the world. There are many studies about the perception to memes among different ages. However, it is still unclear the visual attention of people to memes. To solve the problem, human eye tracker could be used as objective and bias free technology. In this study, millennials and non-millennials participants were shown many memes image in random order. Participant's eye movements were recorded using human eye tracker to measure visual attention. Following eye tracking, participants completed a modified questionnaire to measure the perceptions of memes.

These days, the dynamics of social interaction in Indonesia is affected by various issues that are threatening the diversity of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia (NKRI). This study aims to describe the multicultural approach in learning in elementary school as an effort to strengthen the student's values of multiculturalism from an early age. The descriptive qualitative method is used to analyze various problems related to the implementation of multicultural approach in learning. The research was conducted in five public elementary schools in PasarRebo Sub-district, East Jakarta. The results of the research explains that the multicultural approach should be a soft skill for the teachers and all components of the primary school management as an effort in fostering tolerance, living in peace, mutual protection, mutual freedom from threats, and to achieve the peaceful and harmonious Indonesia.

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This study discusses the importance of historical awareness for the generations of a nation. The history of the national movement is a collective event of a nation, which can improve nation's awareness of an independent nationality. This study aims to analyze moral values in history as Social Capital which factored to the emergence of equality of fate and solidarity. This study uses a critical historical research method with a literature study as its primary reference. The result of this study confirms that historical awareness is Social Capital for the integrity and sustainability of the Republic of Indonesia. Globalization with all of its attributes allegedly can erode moral values and awareness of Indonesia's national history. The notion of historical awareness as Social Capital is another form of modality in development related to norms, social networks, trust to benefit, encourage participation, and social accessibility in national and state life.

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