<p class="IIABSBARU">The history of economic development of Javanese community has experienced a very unique dynamic. In the XV and XVI centuries, trading tradition has been done by Javanese community along the north coastal of Java. But, the trading tradition getting dimmer in line with the strategy of economic centralization carried out by Sultan Agung prohibiting the people to trade in foreign countries. In the XIX century, that’s econdition is change, Mangkunegara IV restore the entrepreneurial tradition through various strategies. In addition, to restoring the entrepreneurial tradition of Javanese society, Mangkunegara IV also broke the old tradition of <em>kepriyayinan</em> (Javanese aristocrate) to want to do business, not just live in pleasure as breeds nobility or gentry class. Therefore, reviewing to the business strategy of Mangku­negaran IV becomes important, as part of the history of economic develop­ment Javanese community. By using the historical method and a multi­dimensional approach, through a variety of primary sources such as Mangku­negara IV literature, the study found that the Mangkunegaran IV’s business strategy conducted by building a centers of sugar cane farm and modernization of sugar factories on a large scale, so as to obtain additional revenue for the Mangkunegaran IV family. The successfull of his business, demonstrates to the Javanese nobility that he was a king who had a strong entrepreneurial spirit.</p><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;">***</p><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;">Sejarah perkembangan ekonomi masyarakat Jawa mengalami dinamika yang sangat unik. Pada abad XV dan XVI, tradisi berdagang telah dilakukan oeh masyarakat Jawa di sepanjang pantai utara Jawa. Akan tetapi tradisi tersebut se­makin meredup seiring adanya strategi sentralisasi ekonomi yang dilakukan oleh Sultan Agung yang melarang rakyatnya berdagang ke manca negara. Pada abad XIX, Mangkunegara IV mengembalikan tradisi wirausahawan tersebut melalui berbagai strategi. Selain itu, Mangku­negara IV juga mendobrak tradisi “<em>kolot kepriyayinan</em>” Jawa agar mau melakukan bisnis, bukan hanya hidup dalam ke­senangan sebagai <em>trah</em> bangsawan. Karena itu, mengkaji strategi bisnis keluarga Mangkunegaran IV menjadi penting, sebagai bagian dari sejarah perkembangan ekonomi masyarakat Jawa. Dengan metode penelitian sejarah dan pendekatan multidi­mensional, melalui berbagai sumber primer seperti karya-karya sastra Mangkunegara IV, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa strategi bisnis keluarga Mangkunegaran IV dilakukan dengan membangun pusat-pusat perkebunan tebu dan modernisasi pabrik gula secara besar-besaran, sehingga memperoleh pen­dapatan tambahan bagi praja. Kesukses­an bisnis ini menunjukkan kepada para bangsawan Jawa bahwa dia adalah seorang raja yang memiliki jiwa <em>entrepreneur­ship </em>yang kuat.</p>

Smartphone-based learning media is an alternative for developing learning media that can infiltrate the limitations of space and time. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of smartphone media for learning in the 4.0 era from media developed using the SAC (Smart Apps Creator) application. This research and development type uses the Hannafin & Peck design model. The research subjects used a purposive sample technique from 35 students of class XI IPS 3 SMA Jepon, Blora Regency, Central Java. Data analysis using Mixed Methods, data obtained by filling out checklists, questionnaires, and filled tests to conclude its effectiveness. Based on the research results, SAC (Smart Apps Creator) media is fun, easy to understand, interesting, practical, and not boring. The level of complete learning reached 91.4%. Students become accustomed to using technology 4.0 in learning, so they are expected to develop critical, creative, communicative, and collaborative thinking.

The Old City of Semarang revitalization has succeeded in becoming a tourist attraction. The development of the old town is only in the field of tourism. The attractiveness of the old city as a cultural heritage with social, cultural, and historical values has yet to be seen. The purpose of this article is to analyze the meaning of adolescents towards the Old City of Semarang, forms of adolescent behavior in the old city area, and shifts in the sociocultural values of the old city after the revitalization. This research method used a qualitative phenomenological design. The results of this study indicate that teenagers who come to the old town have different meanings. Kota Lama is interpreted as a place of horror, tourist attractions, and historical sites. There are five forms of social behavior of adolescents in the old town: traveling, taking photographs, hanging out, studying, and making money. After the revitalization, changes in the old city include physical, violation of values and norms, economy, and culinary places. With an understanding of the sociocultural values of the ancient city, it is hoped that teenagers can behave well in preserving the old city.

The research aims are to explain (1) socio-cultural conditions, (2) socioeconomic conditions, and (3) the village government's role in maintaining the existence of social, cultural and economic values. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The data is collected by observation, interview and documentation. The research objectives are village government, custom shop and the community. The results of the study show that (1) the socio-cultural conditions have not been touched by the outside community; therefore, ethnicity and culture in Bompon area are still thick with Javanese customs (2) The village government and traditional leaders make a simple effort to increase cultural awareness in the era of globalization, which is to provide understanding and teaching about local culture from generation to generation and the issuance of village regulations on private ownership rights.